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ANAT 200 > Lesson 15 Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Lesson 15 Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Where would you find the cell bodies of sensory neurons of the cranial nerves?

A

Cranial Nerve Ganglia

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2
Q

Where do the cranial nerves and spinal nerves emerge from?

A

cranial nerves emerge from the area of the brain stem

Spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord

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3
Q

Cranial nerve I is?

A

Olfactory

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4
Q

Cranial nerve II is

A

Optic

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5
Q

Cranial nerve III is

A

Oculomotor

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6
Q

CN iV

A

Trochlear

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7
Q

CN V -

A

Trigeminal

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8
Q

CN VI -

A

Abducens

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9
Q

CN VII

A

Facial

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10
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

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11
Q

CN IX -

A

Glossopharyngeal

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12
Q

CN X -

A

Vagus

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13
Q

CN XI -

A

Spinal accessory

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14
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal

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15
Q

The Olfactory Nerve (CN I) runs from the _______ to the ______ in the frontal lobe

A

The Olfactory Nerve (CN I) runs from the Olfactory epithelium to the Olfactory Bulb in the frontal lobe

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16
Q

The Olfactory Nerve (CN I)

  • mixed, motor, or sensory?
  • Responsible for?
A

Purely sensory

Responsible for Smell

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17
Q

The only sensory system that bypasses the thalamus is:

A

The Olfactory system

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18
Q

Where does the olfactory tract synapse?

A

Primary olfactory cortex (temporal lobe)

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19
Q

Anosmia is:

Hyposmia:

A

Anosmia = lack of smell

Hyposmia = decrease in ability to smell

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20
Q

Optic Nerve (CNII) cell bodies arise from?

A

The retina

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21
Q

The axons of what neurons join to become the Optic nerve?

A

Retinal ganglion cell neurons

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22
Q

What happens at the optic chiasm?

A

Half of the axons of the optic nerve cross over.

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23
Q

What is the optic nerve called after the chiasm?

A

Optic Tract (collection of axons in the CNS = tract)

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24
Q

Where does the optic tract synapse?

A

Lateral geniculate nucleus

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25
Q

Axons from the Lateral geniculate nucleus (called _________) synapse on the _________

A

Axons from the Lateral geniculate nucleus (called Optic Radiations) synapse on the P_rimary Visual Cortex_

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26
Q

Which CN’s control the muscles of the eye?

A

CN III - Oculomotor

CN IV - Trochlear

CN VI - Abducens

27
Q

How many of the 6 eye muscles does the Oculomotor Nerve control?

A

4/6 and also the levator palpebrae superioris (eyelid)

28
Q

Is oculomotor mixed, sensory or motor?

A

Mixed Somatic motor and parasympathetic (constrict pupil and accomodation)

29
Q

What does LR6SO4 mean?

A

The lateral rectus is innervated by CN VI

The Superior Oblique is innervated by CN IV

30
Q

What is opthalmoplegia?

A

Damage to the CN III which results in weakened or paralyzed eye movements

31
Q

Which is the smallest CN?

A

Trochlear

32
Q

Is the trochlear nerve mixed, sensory or motor?

A

Purely motor

Innervates Superior Oblique

33
Q

Is CN VI (abducens) motor, sensory or mixed?

A

Purely Motor

34
Q

The longest intracranial course of the cranial nerves is:

A

Abducens

35
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI (abducens)?

A

Lateral rectus

36
Q

Damage to the Abducens Nerve results in?

A

unopposed action of medial rectus = eye deviates medially

Double-vision (diplopia)

37
Q

Where would you find the sensory cell bodies of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Trigeminal ganglion

38
Q

CN V (trigeminal) has 3 branches:

V1:

V2:

V3:

A

CN V (trigeminal) has 3 branches:

V1: Opthalmic

V2: Maxillary (what is frozen at the dentist when working on upper teeth)

V3: Mandibular (frozen when getting work done on bottom teeth)

39
Q

Is CN V (trigeminal) sensory, motor or mixed?

What are each of the 3 branches?

A

Mixed

V1 = pure sensory (eye)

V2 = Pure sensory (cheek)

V3 = motor + sensory (mandible)

40
Q

Which three cranial nerves use CN V (trigeminal) as a conduit for parasympathetic functions?

A

CNs III, VII and IX

41
Q

What is a common disease of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Trigeminal neuralgia = chronic pain in cheek and jaw region (mainly v2 and v3)

42
Q

The trigeminal nerve emerges from:

A

Pons of the brainstem

43
Q

The supraorbital nerve are a branch from _______ and supply the ______

A

CN v1 (ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve) and supplies the skin to the forehead and air-sinuses in the skull

44
Q

Which nerve branches off of the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve (V2) and enters the floor of the orbit through the infraorbital foramen?

A

Infraorbital nerve

45
Q

Which nerve senses touch in the anterior part of the tongue and branches off of the Mandibular Nerve of the trigeminal nerve (V3)?

A

Lingual nerve

46
Q

Where does the mandibular nerve enter through?

A

Infratemporal fossa

47
Q

Which CN supplies the muscles of mastication?

A

CN V3 (Mandibular nerve branch of the trigeminal nerve)

48
Q

Muscles of facial expression are innervated by which nerve?

A

CN VII Facial Nerve

49
Q

Taste on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is sensed with the _______ nerve (branch of the Facial Nerve)

A

Chorda Tympani Nerve

50
Q

Sensory cell bodies of the facial nerve are found in the:

A

Geniculate ganglion

51
Q

What is the Facial nerve (CN VII) known for? (3)

A

Somatic motor (muscles of facial expression)

Somatic sensory (tragus of ear)

Parasympathetic (lacrimal gland (tears) of eye, taste and salivation)

52
Q

Someone with bell’s palsy has damage to which nerve?

A

CN VII (facial) = hemifacial paralysis

53
Q

Which nerve regulates the gag reflux?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

54
Q

CN IX (glossophryngeal) innervates what muscle?

A

stylopharygeus (elevates pharynx) only pharyngeal muscle that is not innervated by CN X (vagus)

55
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the vagus nerve?

A

Medulla

56
Q

Difficulty in speech and swallowing could be the result of damage to the:

A

Vagus nerve

57
Q

Which muscles are innervated by the Vagus nerve (CN X)

A

Muscles of the palate, pharynx and larynx

58
Q

What are the sensory functions of the vagus nerve?

A

Visceral afferents

59
Q

CN X is the major _______ nerve

A

parasympathetic

60
Q

Is CN XI (spinal accessory nerve) sensory, motor or mixed?

A

Motor only

61
Q

Which nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle?

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

62
Q

Weakness when shrugging, turning head to one side could be the result of damage to which nerve?

A

XI Spinal Accessory

63
Q

The Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) is _______ (motor, sensory or mixed) and is attached to the ______ and supplies the ______

A

The Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) is motor (motor, sensory or mixed) and is attached to the medulla and supplies the muscles of the tongue

ANAT 200 (20 decks)

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