Lesson 12: Neuron Flashcards
The CNS is made up of the ____ and the ______
Brain and spinal cord
What are the three parts of the brain?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Cell bodies are called ______ when in the CNS and their axons are in ______
Cell bodies are in clusters called nuclei when in the CNS and their axons are in tracts
Cluster of cell bodies are called _____ when in the PNS and their axons are in ______
Cluster of cell bodies are called ganglia when in the PNS and their axons are in nerves
What are the two types of nerves in the PNS?
Cranial: come off the brainstem
Spinal: come off the spinal cord
What are the two divisions of the PNS?
- Somatic
- Autonomic
What are the two divisions of the Somatic division of the PNS?
Motor
Sensory - eg can feel when someone touches you
What are the two divisions of the Autonomic division of the PNS (remember, autonomic = visceral)
Motor
Sensory
The motor component of the autonomic nervous system can be _____ or ______
The motor component of the autonomic nervous system can be sympathetic (fight/flight) or parasympathetic (rest/digest)
All of the organs of your body have a _____ (afferent) component
Sensory
Difference between the somatic and autonomic sensory?
YOu can localize the sensation in somatic (can tell where someone touches you)
No localization in autonomic - can’t name which organ is hurting
Neuronal cell bodies in the peripheral system are called?
Peripheral ganglia
What are neurons?
Nerve cells that conduct signals
Support cells for neurons are called:
Neuroglia
Neurons form connections to other cells via ______
synapses
What do neurons function to do?
Neurons encode information and conduct it over considerable distances and transmit it to other neurons or various non-neuronal cells
What produces myelination?
The neuroglial cell, Schwann cells
A typical motor neuron is called a:
Multipolar neuron
Motor neurons cell bodies are found in the _______ forming a ______
Motor neurons cell bodies are found in the spinal cord forming a nucleus
(remember a collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS is called a nucleus)
ALL SENSORY NEURONS CELL BODIES ARE FOUND IN THE _____ and are called a _____ with their axons forming _____
ALL SENSORY NEURONS CELL BODIES ARE FOUND IN THE PNS** and are called a **ganglia** with their axons forming **nerves
What are the two types of neuroglia in the PNS?
- Schwann cells
- Satellite glial cells
What are the four neuroglia types found in the CNS?
- Astrocytes
- Oligodendrocytes
- Microglia
- Ependymal cells
Which cell is being described:
- surround sensory neuronal cell body
- has supportive role (regulate NT’s, O2, CO2)
Satellite Cells (neuroglial cell of PNS)
Which cell is being described?
- Myelinate peripheral axons (sensory and motor)
- One cell per myelinated segment
Schwann Cell
Which cell is being described?
- Myelinate CNS axons
- provide structural framework?
Oligodendrocytes (neuroglial cell of CNS)
Which cell is being described?
- Remove cell debris, wastes, and pathogens by phagocytosis
Microglia (neuroglial cell of the CNS)
What cell is being described?
- Maintains blood brain barrier
- Provides structural support
- regulate ion, nutrient, and dissolved gas concentrations
- absorb and recycles NT’s
- forms scar tissue after injury
Astrocytes (neuroglial cell of the CNS)
What cell is being described?
- Line ventricles (brain) and central canal (spinal cavity)
- assist in producing, circulating and monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid
Ependymal cells (neuroglial cell of the CNS)
