Lecture 7 exam 5

Question 1

how many extra calories for prenatal de=iet

Answer 1

extra 300-400 calories

Question 2

Caffeine max when pregnant

Answer 2

less than 200 mg/day

Question 3

3 benefits of prenatal supplements

Answer 3

Helps with fetal development
Helps prevent fetal complication
Helps prevent maternal complication

Question 4

What are the 3 supplement recommendations

Answer 4

Calcium
folate
Iron

Question 5

What is the use of folate as a prenatal supplement? appropriate dose per day? when to start?

Answer 5

Reduces risk of neural tubal defects
400-600 mcg/ day (4 mg for higher risk)
Start atleast 1 month before conception

Question 6

What is the use of calcium as a prenatal supplement? appropriate dose per day? when to start?

Answer 6

can decrease risk of bone loss, HTN and preeclampsia
1000-1300 mg/day dosing

Question 7

What is the use of iron as a prenatal supplement? appropriate dose per day? when to start?

Answer 7

Helps with blood oxygenation
27-30 mg/day

Question 8

Name some vaccines that would be recommended in pregnancy

Answer 8

Flu shot
Tdap shot between 27-36 weeks of pregnancy

Question 9

vaccines to avoid in pregnancy

Answer 9

Any live vaccines (HPV, MMR, Varicella, Yellow fever)

Question 10

what is a teratogen?

Answer 10

A drug or environmental agent with potential to cause abnormal fetal growth and development

Question 11

Which drugs are teratogens and are contraindicated in pregnancy

Answer 11

Warfarin
lisinopril
Lithium
Alcohol
methotrexate
Statins
Isotretinoin

Question 12

what are some risks associated with diabetes in pregnant women

Answer 12

Fetal abnormalities
preeclampsia
Pre term birth

Question 13

What is the preferred treatment of pregnant women with diabetes

Answer 13

Insulin(other oral options are not recommended)

Question 14

What is the risk of HTN in pregnant women

Answer 14

Preeclampsia
Eclampsia

Question 15

Preferred treatment for pregnant women with HTN

Answer 15

Labetalol
amlodipine
nifedipine
HCTZ
hydralazine
methyldopa

Question 16

What are some non-pharmacologic treatments for nausea and vomiting

Answer 16

Avoid triggers
eat small dry meals
avoid spicy food
saline crackers

Question 17

!st line of treatment for nausea and vomiting in pregnant women

Answer 17

1.Non pharmacologic
2.pharmacologic

Question 18

What are the pharmacologic treatments of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women in order of preference

Answer 18

1st- pyridoxine
2nd- doxylamine and pyridoxine
3rd- meclizine

Question 19

When is nausea more common during pregnancy? heart burn?

Answer 19

Nausea around the start
heart burn latter half

Question 20

Non-pharmacologic treatments for heart burn

Answer 20

Smaller and more frequent meals
avoid foods and liquids before bed

Question 21

Pharmacologic treatments of heartburn

Answer 21

antacids
sucralafate

Question 22

non pharmacologic treatments of constipation in oregnant women?
Pharmacologic?

Answer 22

Increase fluid and fiber and exercise
Laxatives (polyethylene glycol)

Question 23

Non pharmacologic treatment of pain, fever and headache

Answer 23

Cold compress, stress management, sleep

Question 24

Pharmacologic treatment of pain, fever and headache in pregnant women

Answer 24

Acetaminophen (avoid NSAIDs)

Question 25

how to teat congestion, rhinorrhea and sleeplessness in women

Answer 25

Ensure flu vaccine Congestion- nasal saline spray rhinorrhea & sleeplessness- diphenhydramine

Question 26

What are the risks of UTIs in pregnant women

Answer 26

Increase risk of hematogenic abnormalities, may cause preterm labor if untreated

Question 27

Non pharm options for UTI in pregnant women

Answer 27

Hydration proper wiping before and after sex avoid tight clothing and wear cotton underwear

Question 28

Pharmacologic UTI treatments

Answer 28

Cephalosporin nitrofurantoin amoxicillin

Question 29

what are some long term complications common in pregnancy

Answer 29

depressive disorders gestational diabetes thromboembolism preeclampsia and eclampsia preterm labor

Question 30

How to diagnose for depressibe disorder

Answer 30

EPDS<10 is fine EPDS> or equal to 10 Depressed

Question 31

Treatment if depressed

Answer 31

CBT + pharmacologic therapy

Question 32

What is gestational diabetes

Answer 32

Diabetes diagnosed for the first time in pregnancy due to placental hormones

Question 33

Non pharm recommendations for gestational diabetes

Answer 33

diet and exercise

Question 34

Pharmacologic recommendations for gestational diabetes

Answer 34

Insulin (others nor recommended)

Question 35

How much more common are thromboembolisms in pregnant women

Answer 35

5X

Question 36

Non pharm recommendations for thromboembolisms

Answer 36

Inferior vena cava filter (IVC) compression stockings

Question 37

Pharmacologic recommendations for thromboembolisms

Answer 37

Anticoagulants for 6 months (AVOID WARFARIN)

Question 38

what is the difference between preeclampsia and eclampsia

Answer 38

Preeclampsia is the sudden spike in BP and proteinurea that could lead to premature birth, growt retardation and death. eclampsia is seizure and coma

Question 39

How to prevents eclampsia and preeclampsia

Answer 39

Aspirin in late 1st trimester

Question 40

Which pregnant women should receive aspirin

Answer 40

HO of preeclampsia, diabetes, renal failure

Question 41

What constitutes as severe preeclampsia

Answer 41

180/120 (any of the numbers)

Question 42

What to do incase of severe preeclampsia

Answer 42

IV treatment via Hydralazine labetalol nitroprusside nifedipine

Question 43

What medication should be given to eclampsia patients (include dose)

Answer 43

magnesium sulfate 4-6 g IV bolus

Question 44

What is HELLP syndrome symptoms

Answer 44

Hemolysis, low platelet, elevated liver enzyme

Question 45

Treatment of HELLP syndrome

Answer 45

Platelets, corticosteroids

Question 46

Treatment of group B strep in pregnant women

Answer 46

Group B strep can pass from mother to child during labour. Treatment is penicillin or ampicillin (antibiotics)

Question 47

What consitutes as preterm labour

Answer 47

Before 37 weeks

Question 48

Risk factors for preterm pregnanies

Answer 48

Less than 6 months between consecutive pregnancies bacterial vaginosis

Question 49

Medications for prevention of preterm labour

Answer 49

Progesterone

Question 50

What is premature membrane rupture? What are the risk factors?

Answer 50

Water breaks but there is no contractions. Smoking and STDs are risk factors

Question 51

treatment of premature membrane rupture?

Answer 51

corticosteroids, antibiotics, tocolytics, magnesium sulfate

Question 52

name corticosteroids used in pregnancy

Answer 52

Bexamethasone, dexamethasone

Question 53

Name antibiotics used in pregnancy

Answer 53

Penicillin, vancomycin

Question 54

Tocolytics used in pregnancy

Answer 54

Nifedipine