Final exam lecture 8 Flashcards
Lifestyle mods to avoid rosacea
Avoid triggers (sun, temperature,etc)
Mild soaps
topical meds should be allowed to penetrate the skin for 5-10 mins before make up
treatment of mild rosacea
avoid triggers
topical antibiotics
topical retinoids
treatment of moderate rosacea
Oral antibiotics
topical retinoids
Treatment of severe rosacea
Oral isotretinoin
laser treatment
1st choice for topical antimicrobial for rosacea
Metronidazole
topical retinoid drug used in rosacea
Azelaic acid
Psoriasis non-pcol treatments
Sun, baths, emollients
treatments of psoriasis + psoriatic arthritis
Biologic (anti-TNF, MTX)
Treatment of psoriasis without psoriatic arthritis
Topicals/photo therapy
Topical therapies for psoriasis
Corticosteroids
Calipotriene/calcitrol
Cort+ Vit D
Cort + tazarotene
Calcineurin inhibitors
Why do we limit corticosteroid use to 1 month at a time
Tachyphylaxis
How to avoid tachyphylaxis or corticosteroid when treating psoriasis
Alternate HCS with other agents (calcipotriene) to reduce exposure to corticosteroid
two types of phototherapy
UVA
UVB
Compare UVA and UVB
UVA penetrates thick lesions better than UVB
UVA is riskier than UVB
First line biologic therapy for severe psoriasis
TNF and T-cell activation inhibitors
Define Pediatric
birth to 18 years
define neonate
0-28 days of life
Define pre term and term labour
Pre-term- less than 37 weeks
term- 37 weeks gestational age
Infant definition
1-12 months
Child definition
1-11 yo
adolescent definition
12-18 yo
Define gestational age
Time from first day of last menstrual period to birth
Define postnatal age (chronological age)
Birth to present
Define postmenstrual age
first day of last menstrual period to present
corrected age calculation
IF the baby was born normally (40 wks) how old would baby be?
pediatric patients should grow
weight double by 4-6 months
weight triples by 12 months
length increases 50 percent by 12 months
What happens to HR as infants grow
HR is v high in babies
Slows to adult levels over time
What happens to BP as infants grow
It rises to adult levels
What happens to RR as infabts grwo
It slows to adult levels
When to refer for fever based on age
Under 3 months old- everyone
less than 2 yo- Fever>24 hrs
If older than 2 yo- fever greater than 104
What are two OTC options for fever and pain for children
Acetaminophen
Ibuprofen (given only to children older than 6 months old)
Dosing and max dosing of acetaminophen in children
10-15mg/kg Q4-6 H
max dose- 75 mg/kg/day or 4 g/day (whichever is lower)
Dosing and max dose of ibuprofen in children
5-10 mg/kg/dose Q 6-8 H
GIVEN ONLY TO CHILDREN ABOVE 6 MONTHS OLD
max dose- 40 mg/kg/day
Absorption difference between adults and neonates
Thinner skin layers in neonates- leads to stuff being easily absorbed
Slower enteral absorption
Increased gastric PH
How does total body water % and total body fat change with age
Body fat increases, water decreases
Protein binding in infants compared to adults
Decreased protein binding in babies
Urine output (appropriate, oliguria, anuria) expectations
appropriate- 1 ml/kg/hr
oliguria- <0.5 ml/kg/h
anuria- 0
creatinine clearence formula
0.413x (height in cm/Serum creatinine)
