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Therapeutics > Final exam final lecture > Flashcards

Final exam final lecture Flashcards

1
Q

How to differentiate between cold and flu

A

Cold-
Gradual onset of symptoms
Sneezing, stiffy nose, sore throat

Flu-
Abrupt symptom onset
fatigue, weakness, h/a, fever

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2
Q

What are exclusions for self treatment

A

Fever>101.5
worsening or new symptoms during self treatment
comorbidities

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3
Q

What are the 5 symptoms that we can treat in cold/flu

A

Rhinorrhea
Congestion
cough
Headache
sore throat

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4
Q

classify coughs

A

Productive- wet or chesty (facilitates ventilation and ability of lungs to resist ifection)
non-productive- dry or hacking (no secretions)

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5
Q

cough exclusions for self treatment

A

children less than 4 years old
worsening cough
drug associated cough (lisinopril)

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6
Q

non pcol treatment for coughs

A

Adequate fluid intake
nasal irrigation
increased humidification
adequate rest

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7
Q

pharmacologic treatments for cough

A

Expectorants
cough suppresants
decongestants

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8
Q

Name expectorant drugs for cough

A

Mucinex (guaifenesin)
robitussin

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9
Q

Name cough suppressants

A

delsym (dextromethorphan)
Codeine (robitussin)
camphor (vicks vapirub)

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10
Q

name decongestant drugs

A

Phenylephrine (sudafed PE)
Pseudoepedrine (sudafed)

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11
Q

What is a contraindication to phenylephrine (sudafed) and pseudoephedrine (sudafed)

A

NOT TO BE USED IN PREGNANT WOMEN

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12
Q

Other pharmacologic treatments for cough

A

Honey, lozenges, chloraseptic spray

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13
Q

Consideration in diabetic patients when selling OTC

A

Diabetics will need sugar free products labeled diabetic or DM

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14
Q

What medications to use when patient has productive coughs? what about if there is post-nasal drip

A

Guaifenesin (mucinex) 1200 mg BID
If post nasal drip use decongestant+antihistamine or intranasal corticosteroid

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15
Q

What medications to use if patient has non productive cough

A

dextromethorphan ER 60 mg BID

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16
Q

productive cough treatment for pediatric oatients

A

Guaifenesin 100 mg Q4H
consider a lot of fluids

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17
Q

Non productive cough treatment for pediatric patients

A

Honey for children aged 2 and up
dextromethorphan 5 mg Q 4H for children 4 and up

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18
Q

Nasal decongestant therapies are not used in which trimester of therapy

A

1st

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19
Q

Name pharmacologic treatments of Nasal congestion

A

Oral decongestants
Nasal decongestants

20
Q

Name oral decongestants

A

Phenylephrine (sudafed)
pseudoephedrine (sudafed)

21
Q

Name nasal decongestant drugs

A

Levomethamphetamine (vicks vapoinhaler)
oxyetazoline (afrin)

22
Q

What is the problem of afrin when used for more than 3 days

A

rebound congestion

23
Q

compare nasal and oral decongestants

A

nasal- fast relief, not systemically absorbed, rebound congestion likely

Oral decongestion- Less rebound congestion, worsen BP/HR, can cause sleeplessness

24
Q

adverse reactions of oral decongestants

A

HTN, CAD, BPH, glaucoma, thyroid disorders

25
Q

FIrst gen vs second gen for rhinorrhea

A

First gen is better for rhinorrhea and nasal congestion (they all end with -amine)

26
Q

side effects of antihistamines

A

Dry mouth, blurred vision, difficulty urination, constipation, Dizziness

27
Q

rhinorrhea in adult treatemnt

A

If cold related- first gen anti histamines +/- decongestants

28
Q

Rhinorrhea in pediatric patients treatment

A

There is paradoxical rxn to diphenhydramine

29
Q

are antihistamines and ICS safe during pregnancy

A

Yes, they will be present in breast milk

30
Q

T/F combo products often contain more ingredients than are needed

A

True

31
Q

what is a contraindication to pseudoephedrine

A

Hypertension

32
Q

If symprtoms have been worsening iver days with treatment always

A

Refer, not eligible for self care

33
Q

6 Exclusion for self treatment for warts

A

Suspicion growth is not a wart
many warts
diabetes
weakened immune system
Warts that hurt, burn or bleed
warts on face or genitalia

34
Q

How is head louse transmitted?

A

transmission requires direct contact

35
Q

Name treatments of lice

A

Rid (pyrethin + piperonyl butoxide)
(does not kill unhatched eggs) (must be repeated in 7-10 days)
age 2 and up

Nix= permethrin
Needs repeated in7-10 days
age 2 MONTHS and up

SHAMPOO only no conditioner, rinse in sink. Not shower.

36
Q

pharmacologic hemorrhoids treatment

A

Anesthetics
-dibucaine or pramoxine

Astringents
-witch hazel,

corticosteroids
HCTZ 1% in cream

Vasoactive agents
phenylephrine topical treatment

37
Q

What is the use of each ingredient in treating hemorrhoids

A

Astringents(witch hazel)- dries, soothes, relieves irritation
Corticosteroids (HCTZ)- relieves itching
Vasoactive agents (Phenylephrine)- shrinks tissue to relieve discomfort

38
Q

Which supplements increase risk of bleeding

A

4G’s
Garlic, ginger, ginseng, ginkgo biloba

39
Q

St johns wort drug interaction with

A

Warfarin

40
Q

A patient wanting to strat (or already started) st johns wort is an acute concern due to inhibition of warfarins therapeutic effect (T/F)

A

true

41
Q

Use of garlic supplements

A

HLD, HTN, T2D

42
Q

Use of ginger supplements

A

Nausea and vomiting

43
Q

ginseng supplement use

A

energy supplement

44
Q

use of st johns wort

A

Treatment of minor-moderate depression

45
Q

use of cranberry juice

A

PREVENTION of UTI

46
Q

SAW palmeto supplement use

A

BPH

Therapeutics (46 decks)

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