lecture 7: abdominal wall Flashcards
true of false: there are many places of attachment for the abdominal muscles
false, there needs fascia and apeunorises
what are the 2 things that make up the supeerfical fascia
Campers and Scarpas
which is more superficial fascia: campers or scarpas
campers
what is the fascia that enveloppes the abdominal muscles
scarpas fascia
what is the position of the external, internal obliques and rectus
anterolateral
is apenoris contractile tissue
no it is elastic
what is the fascia on the innermost layer layer of the abdomen
the transversalis fascia
what layer lies deeper than transversalis fascia
peritoneim
what do the 3 anterolateral muscles of abdomen turn into
apenorisis and converge into rectus sheath
when the 3 apeunorese of the anterlateral abdominal walls converge what do they form
the rectus sheatth
ewhat surrounds the rectus abdominus muscle
rectus sheath
what is the abdominal muscle that lies most anteriorly
rectus abdominis
when the two rectus sheaths converge at the midline what does it form
the linea alba
what is the linea alba
convergece of the rectus sheaths
thick and fibrous connective tissue
where does the linea alba lie
from the xiphoid process all the way down to pubis
true or false: the 3 anterorlateral muscles form medial apeunoroese
true
where do the 3 anteriorlateral muscles converge
the linea alba
what are the common functions of thee anteriorlateral muscles
bilateral: flexion of the spine
compression of the abdominal musclese
forced expiration
what is the purpose of being able to compress thee abdominal musclse
to incrase the abdominal pressuree (ex: giving birth, deefecation)
what is the origin of the extrenal oblique
outer surface of ribs 5-12
whatt is tthe insertion of the external oblique
linea alba, pelvis (pubic tubercle, illiac crest)
what is thee fiber orientation for external oblique
superior/posterior to inf/ant
what are the additional functions of the external oblique (besides flexion and compression)
ipsilateral trink flexion (lateral) and contralateral trunk rotation
does the external oblique do contralateral or ipsilateral trunk rotation
contrallateral
explain how origin/insertion does not matter to external obliques
depending on what is fixed,
you can laterally flex your pelvis to your ribs
or you can bring the ribs to the pelvis
what is the origin of the internal oblique
thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest, anterior superior illiac spine
what is the insertion of the internal oblique
inferior border of ribs 10-12, xiphoid, linea alba, pelvis (pubic tubercle and illiac crest)
what is the fiber orientation for the internal oblique
variable, the superior half is at right angles to the external oblique
what are the additional features of the internal oblique (besides flexion and compression)
ilsilatearl trtunk flexion, and ipsilateral trtunk roattiton)
is the internal oblique responsible for the ipsilateral or contralateral trunk rotation
ipsilateral
what is the origin of the trtansversus abdominus
thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest, inner cartilage of T6-T12
what is the insertion of the transversus abdominus
linea alba, pubic crest
hat is the fiber orientation of the transversus abdomis
transverse
what are the additional functions of the transverse abdominus
none but very important for compressing abdominal
contentts (defaction, mictruttion)
what is the origin of thee rectus abdom
ribs 5-7 and xiphoid
what is the insertion of the rectus abdominus
pubic crest and symphisis
what is the fiber orientation of the rectus abdom
superior to inferior (verticle)
how many tendinous intersections are there in the rectus abdom
3 (sometimes 4)
what is the function of the rectus abdom
compression of abdominal contents and trunk flexion
explain how O/I doesnt matter in rectus abdom
if you keeo your pelvis fixed, you can flex you ribs to them
if you keep ribs fixed, you can bring your pelvis in closeer
describee the relationship of the rectus sheath to the recttus abdom superior to thee arcuate line
there is apeunorosis on eeither side of the rectus muscle
describee the relationship of the rectus sheath to the recttus abdom inferior to thee arcuate line
all the apenourosis movee anteriorly in front of the resctus
=no more aponeurosis againnst the viscera (area of weeakness)
what happens to the apeunorosis below the arcuate line
theree is no more aponeurosis against the viscrea maening its an area of weaekness
whatt is the consequence of having no apeunorosis against the viscera
it is a potential area for weakness (subject to hernias)
what is the linea semilunaris
the convergence of the oblique/transversus aponeuroses on rectus abdominus
what creates the six pack
tendinous intersections
what general section innervatese the abdominal wall
anterior rami (T7-L1)
ADD SLIDES ON THE INNNERVATIONNN!!
what does the internal thoracic split into
superior epigasrtic
musculophrenic
what two vessels form together to make an anastomosis in he abdominal wall
the superior and inferior epigastric
the inferior epigastric branches off fof what artery
extternal illiac
true or false: the inf epigastic artery does not obey the arcuate lig
false, it does
When it reaches the arcuate line, it must be tucked underneath it
what are the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall
diaphragm
psoas minor and major
illiacus
(illiopsoas)
quadratus lumborum
transversus abdominos
what two muscles make up the iliopsoas
iliacus
psoas major
where does the ilipsoas major insert
femur (lesser troc)
(crosses the hip joint)
since the iliopsoas crosses the hip where is itst main funciton
with thee limb
true or false: the primary fucntion of psoas major and illiacus is at the upper limb
false, lower
what is the orogin of psoas minor
VB of T12-L1
what is the insertion of the psoas minor
pubic bone
true or false: the psoas minor does not cross the hip jt
true
what is the origin of the psoas major
VB of T12-L5
what is thee insertion of the illiacus and psoas major
at the lesser troc.
what is the primary function of psoas minor, major, illiacus (illipsoas)
at the lower limb but also assists in lumbar flexion)
what is the secondary function of the illiacus and psoas minor
lumbar flexion
what is the origin of the quadratus lumborum
rib 12 and TP of lumbar vert
what is the insertion of the quadratus lumborum
illiac crest
what is the bilaterial function of quad lumborum
extension of the lumbar spine
whatt is the unilateral function of the quad lumb
lateeral flexion(ipsi)
what is the innervation of the quad lumnb
T12-L4
what is the innervation of the Illiacus and psoas
L1-L4
what is the level of the diapragm
rib 5
what are the 3 hiatuses of the diapraghm
caval hiatus
esophageal
aortic
place the 3 diaphragm hiatuses from sup to inf
caval
esophageal
aortic
what passes thru tthe caval hiatus
inferior vena cava
what passes through the esophageal hiatus
esophagus
what passes through the aortic hiatus
aortic
which hiatus is closest to the spine
tthe aortic hiatus
what level is the caval hiatus
T8
what level is the esophagus hiatus
T10
what level is the aortic hiatus
T12
what is the lateral arcuate ligaments formed from
meeting of quad lumb with diapgrahm
what is the medial artcuatte lig formed by
the meeting of he pssoas with the diapgram
where does the median artcuate lig surround
the aortic hiatus
where does the crus surround and what does it form
goes around the aortic hiatus to form the median the arttcuate lig
