Lecture 17:hip And Gluteal Region Flashcards
Understand the overall surface anatomy of the gluteal region
,
What two bones make up the hip joint
Proximal femur and the pelvis
Greater trocamter is lateral or medial
Lateral
The femoral head sits in where in the hip joint
In the acetabulum
The acetabular fossa holds what structure
The proximal femur head
What holds the head of the femur in the acetabulum
Ligament of the head of the femur that passes thru the fovea
Ligament of the head of the femur passes thru what structure
The fovea
What is the joint classification of the hip joint
Ball and socket
Multiracial joint
What does acetanulum stand for
Vinegar cup
The acetabulum is lined with what articulatar surface
Acetabular labrum
What are the main movements of the hip at the hip joint
Flexion/extension
Abduction(adduction
And circumduction
Medial and lateral rotation
Explain the orientation of flexion and extension in the hip
I’m saggital plane, around transverse axis
Explain the orientation of abduction and adduction in the hip
In coronal plane, arepind sagital axis when. Standing
Circumduction is a mix of what motion
Flexion extension
Abduction and Adduction
Medial and lateral rotation is important for what in the lower limb
Bipedal gait
The Charleston is medial or lateral rotation
Medial
Be able to know the diff movements of the hip
Q
What are the main stabilizers of the hip joint (3)
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral
What is the function of iliofemoral
Prevents hyper extension during standing and limits lateral rotation
What is the function of pubofemoral
Prevents over abduction
What is the function of ischiofemoral lig
Limits medial rotation
Which of these limits medial rotation: ischofemoral or pubofemoral
Ischoofemoral
Which of these prevents over abduction : ischiofemoral or pubofemoral
Pubofemoral
Internal illiac goes to the true or false pelvis
True pelvis
External illiac travels along blank and under blank
Along pelvis brim and under inguinal ligament
What is the first big branch off the femoral arterial
Deep femoral a
What artery gives source to the femoral head and neck (
Deep femoral (through circumflex)
Medial femoral circumflex artery goes to where
To head and neck (via ring)
Lateral circumflex femoral artery goes to where
Arterial ring and greater trochanter
Deep femoral artery gives up what branches that go to the head and neck
Medial and lateral femoral circumflex artery
Arterial ring of the limb from deep femoral supplies what
Neck and head
Medial and lateral femoral circumflex anastomose to form what
Arterial ring
Head and neck of femur supplies by what vessel
Nutrient arteries near the head and neck of femur branch off what artery
Medial femoral circumflex artery
Foveal artery comes from what artery
Obturstor a
Foveal a supplies what
acetabulum
Where is the Foveal a located
Within ligament of head of femur
Hip dislocations and femoral neck fractures can lead to what
A vascular necrosis of femoral head
= death of tissue due to lack of vascualture which leads to collapse of femoral head
What are the ligaments of the pelvis
Sacrospinous
Sacrotuberous
What is the function of the ligaments of the pelvis
To prevent upward tilting of the distal sacrum, pulls the pelvis down (ie hells anchor sacrum to hip bones)
Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments help to form what
They greater and lesser sciatic foramina (from notches)
Understand location of Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments and the notches
What is the biggest muscle in the body
Glute max
What is the proximal attachment of the glute max
Posterior sacroiliac ligament, Sacrotuberous ligament
What is the distal attachment of the glute max
Gluteal tubercoity and IT band
What is the function of the glute max
Extension and lateral rotation of the hip
What is the origin of the TFL
Asis
What is the insertion of the tfl
Lateral tibial condyle via IT BAND
What is the function of the tfl
Abducts and medially rotates hip, stabilizes pelvis while standing , tenses IT BAND
What is the iliotibial band
Lateral thickening of the fascia lata of the thigh
Where does the it band insert
On lateral tibial condole
What are the 2 main hip abductors
Glute med and min
What is the origin of the glute med
Posterior surface of ilium
What is the insertion of the glute med
Superior aspect of the greater trochanter
What is the function of the glute med
Hip abduction
What is the origin of the glute min
Posterior surface of ilium
What is the insertion of the glute min
Anterior aspect of greater trochanter
What is the function of glute min
Medial rotation and abduction, accessory flexor of the hip
True or false: the glute min is an accessory flexor of the hip
True
Hip abductors keeps hits blank
Straight
What are the lateral rotators of the thigh (6)
Piriformins
Superior gemellis
Inferior gemeluus
Quadratus feminist
Obturstor interned
Obturstor external
Piriformis exits via what
Greater sciatic foramen
What is the origin of the piriformis
Anterior sacrum
What is the insertion of the oiriformis
Greater trochanter
What is the origin of the superior gemellis
Ischial spine
What is the insertion of the superior gemmelus
Greater trochanter
What tendon lies between the two gemellis muscle
Tendon of Obturstor internsus
What is the origin of the inferior gemellis
Ischium
What is the insertion of the inferior gemellis
Greater trochanter
What is the origin of the quadratus femoris
Ischium
What is the quadratus femoris insertion
Intertrochsnteric crest
What is the origin of the Obturstor internus
Bony borders of the obturstor foramen inside the pelvis
What is the insertion of the obturator internus
Greater trochanter (exits pelvis through lesser sciatic foramen)
How does the Obturstor internus exit the pelvis
Through lesser sciatic foramen
Locate the lateral rotators of the hip
What is the origin of the Obturstor external
Bony rim of Obturstor foramen external to pelvis
What is the insertion of the obturator externus
Intertrochanteric crest
What is the function of the obturator externus
Lateral rotation of the hip
Which lateral rotator of hip serves as a landmark for neurovascular structures
Piriformis
Superior gluteal innervates what
Glute med and minimus
Tensor fascia lata
Where does the superior gluteal n exit the pelvis
Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen ABOVE Piriformis
True or false; superior gluteal n exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen below Piriformis
False, above
What spinal levels does superior gluteal come from
L4 - s1
Inferior gluteal n innervates what
Glute max
Where does the inferior gluteal n exit pelvis
Via the greater sciatic foramen below the Piriformis
Which of these two exits below Piriformis:
sup gluteal n
inf gluteal n
Inferior gluteal
What spinal levels does the inferior gluteal come from
L5-s2
What provides cuteanous Innervation to posterior thigh
Posterior femoral cutaneous n
Whate spinal level does sciatic n come from
L4 to s3
Understand the location of the neurovascular supply of glute region
Most lateral rotators get innervation directly from what
Sacral nerves
what are the lateral rotators that get their innervation directly from the sacral nerves
piriformis, gemelli, obturator internus, quadratus femoris
what is the only lateral rotator not innervated by the sacral nerves
the obturator externus (obturator n)
what is the obturator externus innervatedby
obturator n
what is the common variant for how the sciatic nerve exits near the piriformis
passes under the piriformis nerve
what are the othre rare variants of how the sciatic n exits near the piriformis
splittling of tibial and common fibular divisions of the sciatic nevre
1) common fibular above the piriformins and tibial n below the piriformis
2) common fibular pierces the piriformis n
sciatic n divides into what at the piriformis
common fibular (more lateral)
tibial n
sciatic n is derived from what spinal n
L4-S3
what are the nerves that supply sensory innervation to the skin of the gluteal region
superior cluneal n
medial cluneal n
inferior cluneal n
posterior femoral cutaneous n
superior cluneal n is derived from what spinal n
L1 L3 dorsal rami
inferior cluneal n is derived from what spinal n
D/V rami S1-S3
medial cluneal n is derived from what spinal n
S1-S3 dorsal rami
which nerve provides innervation to the posterior thigh
posterior femoral cutaneous n
posterior femoral cutaneous n is derived from what spinal n
D/V rami s1-s3
be able tolocate the different sensory nerves for the glute region/
.
common illiac divides into what
external and internal illiac
when does external illiac become femoral a
after inguinal ligament
what are the important branches off the internal illiac a that supply the gluteal region
superior gluteal n
inferior gluteal n
obturator artery
understand the blood supply to the gluteal region
/
what is function of the cruciate anastomsis
important vascular anastomosis to help redirect blood to the distal lower limb in the event of a blockage between the femoral and external iliac aa
which vessels form the cruciate anastomosis
inferior gluteal a and lateral circumflex femoral a
medial femoral circ and 1st perforating
if there is a blockage of the of the femoral artery how can blood from the lower limb be redirected
through the cruciate anastomosis
what are the branches of the deep femoral that wrap around the humerus
1-4th perforating a
