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315 - anatomy > lecture 23: intrinsic foot > Flashcards

lecture 23: intrinsic foot Flashcards

1
Q

the DIP and IP interphalangeal joints of the foot are what type of joint

A

hinge (flexion/extension)

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2
Q

the DIP and IP joints of the foot do what movements

A

flexion and extension

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3
Q

what type of joint are the metatarsalphaleangeal joints and what movement do they do

A

condylloid/ellipsoidal joints

flexion/extension, some adduction/abduction

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4
Q

tarsometatarsal joints are what type of joints

A

plane and gliding

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5
Q

why is there limited movement of the tarsometatarsal joints

A

bound by ligaments

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6
Q

what two joint boudnaries cut the foot into mid, fore and hind foot

A

tarsometatarsal
calcaneocuboid

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7
Q

what joint makes up part of the tranverse tarsal joint

A

calcaneocuboid jt

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8
Q

what type of joints are the calcaneocuboid joint

A

plane/gliding

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9
Q

what two joints make up the talocalcaneonavicular jt

A

talocalcenal jt
talonavicular jt

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10
Q

what tpye of joint is the talocalcaneual jt

A

glining

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11
Q

how many talocalcaneal jts

A

3

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12
Q

what type pf joint is the talonavicular jt

A

modified ball and sock

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13
Q

what joint allows inversion/eversion

A

talocalcaneonavicualr jt

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14
Q

what are the movements possible at the toes

A

flexion/extension
abduction/adduction

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15
Q

what is the cernter of division for abduction of toes

A

2nd digit

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16
Q

adduction is also known as what position

A

relaxed position

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17
Q

what are the 2 intrinsic muscles of the dorsum of the foot

A

extensor digi brevis
exntor hallucis brevis

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18
Q

what is the origion of the extensor digi brevis

A

calcaneus

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19
Q

what is the isnertion of the extensor digi brevis

A

tendons of extensor digi longus on digits 2-4 (through expansor hood)

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20
Q

what is the action of the extension digi brevis

A

extension of the toes (synergist to EDL)

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21
Q

what muscle is a synergist to the EDL

A

EDB

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22
Q

what is the origin of the extensor hallucis brevis

A

calcaneus (with EDB)

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23
Q

what is the insertion of the extnsor hallucis brevis

A

proximal phalanx of hlalux

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24
Q

what is the action of the extnsor hallucis brevis (EHB)

A

extension of the hallux

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25
Q

the sole of the foot consists of how many layers of muscles

A

4

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26
Q

the sole of the foot consists of 4 layers of muscles located deep to what

A

plantar aponeurosis

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27
Q

what is the plantar aponeurosis

A

tough aponeurotic sheet on plantar surface of the foot

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28
Q

what is the function of the plantar aponeurosis

A

protects structures underneath

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29
Q

what is the clinical corrleate of the plantar fasciitis

A

plantar fascitis

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30
Q

what is plantar fasciatis

A

inflammation of the plantar appoenrusos near the calcneus

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31
Q

heel pain in the plantar fascitis is common in what

A

athletes who perform exercises with constant heel striking/load bearing
individuals who are obese

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32
Q

how many msucles are there in the first layer of the instrisic plantar muscles

A

3

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33
Q

what are the 3 muscles of the first layer of the intrinsic plantar muscles

A

flexor digitorem brevis
abductor digiti minimi
abductor hallucis

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34
Q

what is the origin of the flexor digi brevis

A

calceanus

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35
Q

what is the insertion of the flexor digi brevis

A

sides of middle phalanx toes 2-5

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36
Q

what is the action of the flexor digi brevis

A

flexion of the lateral 4 toes at MTP and PIP joints

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37
Q

what is the origin of the abductor digiti minimi

A

calcaneus

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38
Q

what is the isnertion of the abductor digiti minimi

A

latearl base of prox phalanx 5

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39
Q

what is the function of the abductor digiti minimi

A

abduction of MTP 5

40
Q

what ist he origin of the abductor hallucis

A

calcaneus

41
Q

what is the insertion of the abductor hallucis

A

medial base of prox phalanx 1

42
Q

what is the action of the abduction hallucis

A

abduction of MTP 1

43
Q

flexor digitorem brevis in the toe must split to allow what tendon to pass

A

flexor digirorem longus

44
Q

how many muscles/tendons in the second layer of the intrinsic plantar muscles

A

2 muscles and the tendons of two muscles from psoterior leg compartment

45
Q

what are the 2 muscles of the second layer of the intrinsic plantar muscles

A

lumbricals (4)
quadratus plantae

46
Q

what is the origin of lumbricals in platar foot

A

the flexor digitorem tensons

47
Q

what is the insertion of lumbricals in the plantar foot

A

extensor expansion (hood) on toes 2-5

48
Q

what is teh action of the lumbricals in plantar foot

A

MTP flexion, IP extension

49
Q

what is the origin of the quadratus plantae

A

plantar surface of the calcaneus

50
Q

what is the insertion of the quadratus plantae

A

common part of flexor digi longus

51
Q

what is the action of the quadratus plantae

A

assist flexor digi longis and “offset” the oblique pull of the flexor digi longus
(because it comes meidallu)

52
Q

what are the 2 tendons in the second later of the intrinsic muscles of the foot

A

flexor hallucis longus
flexor digi longus

53
Q

how many muscles are there in the third layer of the instrinc plantar muscles

A

3

54
Q

what are the 3 msuscles in the third layer of the instrincic plantar muscles

A

adductor hallucis
flexor figi minimi brevis
flexor hallucis brevis

55
Q

what is the origin of the adductor hallucis

A

lateral matatarsals and long plantar ligmanet

56
Q

what is the insertion fo the adductor hallucis

A

lateral base of PP1

57
Q

what is the action of the adductor hallucis

A

adduct MTP1, help mantain tranvserse arch

58
Q

what are the 2 heads of the adductor hallucis

A

transverse and oblique heads

59
Q

what is the origin of the flexor digi minimi brevis

A

base of MT5

60
Q

what is the insertion of the flexor digi minimi brevis

A

flex MTP 5

61
Q

what are the 2 heads of the fflexor hallucis brevis

A

medial and alteral

62
Q

what is the origin of the flexor hallucis brevis

A

cuboid/cuniforms

63
Q

what is the insertion of the flexor hallucis brevis

A

M/L base of PP1

64
Q

what is the action of the flexor hallucis brevis

A

flex MTP 1

65
Q

the sesamoids of the first MTP joints are embedded within tendons of what

A

flexor hallucis brevis
(but they increase lever arm for both flexor hallucis longus and brevis

66
Q

how many muscles/tendons in the 4th layer of the intrinsic planatr muscles

A

2 muscles and the tenodnd of two muscles from leg

67
Q

what are the 2 muscles of the 4th layer of the intrinsic plantar muscles

A

planar interossei (3x)
dorsal interossei (4x)

68
Q

how many plantar interossei of foot

A

3

69
Q

how many dorsal interossei of food

A

4

70
Q

what are the 2 tendons of the 4th layer of teh intrinsic planar muscles

A

fibularis longus tendon
tibialis post tendon

71
Q

what is the origin of the plantar interossei of the foot

A

MT shafts (3-5)

72
Q

what is the isnertion of the planar interossei of the foot

A

medial base of PP 3-5

73
Q

what is the action of the plantar interossei of the foot

A

adduct toes 3-5

74
Q

what is the origin of the dorsal interossei of the foot

A

MT shafts (1-5)

75
Q

what is the insertion of teh dorsal interossei of the foot

A

base of PP 2-4

76
Q

what is the action of the dorsal interossi of the foot

A

abduct toes 2-4

77
Q

what n innervates the dorsum of the foot (motor)

A

deep fibular n

78
Q

deep fibular n innervates the dorsum of the foot but also provides motor innervation to what otehr area

A

anterior compartment of the leg

79
Q

what n provides motor innervation to the extensor digi brevis and extension hallucis bevis

A

deep fibular

80
Q

deep fibular n in the foot is located next to what vessel

A

anterior tibial a

81
Q

what main vessel provides motor innevration to the sole

A

tibial (split as medial and lateral plantar)

82
Q

what are the two branches of the tibial n at the foot
after is passes calcaneal region in tarsal tunnel

A

medial and lateral plantar n

83
Q

what are the 2 terminal branches of teh tibial n

A

medial and lateral plantar n

84
Q

lateral plantar n provides motor innevation to what

A

adductor hallucis
quadratus plantea
lumbricals to 3,4,5
both digiti minimi muscles
interossei

85
Q

medial plantar n provides motor innevration to what

A

abductor hallucis
flexor digi brevis
flexor hallucis brevis
medial lumbrcial (to 2)

86
Q

lateral plantar n provides motor innevation to whta general area of foot

A

lateral and deep myscles

87
Q

medial planatar n provides motor inneravtion to what general area of foot

A

medial and superficial

88
Q

what is a terminalsensory branch of the femoral n

A

saphenous

89
Q

what are the main sensory banches of the intrinsic foot

A

saphenous n
superficial fibural nerve
sural n
deep fibular n
lateral plantar n
medial plantar n
medial calceanl branch

90
Q

what is the vascular supply tp the dorsum of teh foot

A

anterior tibial
(becomes dorsalis pedis)

91
Q

anterior tibial a crosses under what m

A

extensor hallucis longus

92
Q

what vessel supp;ies blood to sole of teh foot

A

posterial tibial

93
Q

posterial tibial a splits into what in the sole of the foot

A

medial and lateral planar

94
Q

the neurovasculature structurs of the foot travel mainly in what layer

A

2nd layer of the foot

95
Q

plantar and arcuate arches communicate via what

A

deep plantar artery

96
Q

plantar arch is located deep in what layers

A

3 and 4

315 - anatomy (25 decks)

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