Lecture 5 - Feeding II

Question 1

What do barnacles use to feed?

Answer 1

Cirri

Question 2

What features are contained in the generalised mollusc structure

Answer 2

poorly defined head, foot, shell

Question 3

What do macrophages browsers eat

Answer 3

microscopic algae via a radula

Question 4

What is a radula and how does it work

Answer 4

Ribbon of chitinous teeth. It can be projected out of the mouth. Moves like a conveyor belt over odontophore. Teeth scrape surface and then food is moved back into the buccal cavity.

Question 5

What is the dental formula for Gastropods?

Answer 5

• Demonstrate all major feeding types
• Radula:
• one central tooth (rachis) (1)
• One or more lateral teeth (2)
• One or more marginal teeth (4)
• Dental formula – 4 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 4

Question 6

Generalised mollusc features?

Answer 6

Benthic
Poorly defined head
Foot
Shell

Question 7

What do Microphagous browsers feed on?

Answer 7

Microscopic

algae

Question 8

Gougers example and radula features?

Answer 8

e.g. limpets
Docoglossate (spear) radula
Iron and silicon

Question 9

Scrapers/sweepers example and radula features

Answer 9

e.g. abalone

Rhipidoglossate (fan) radula

Question 10

drillers example and radula features

Answer 10

Carnivores
e.g. whelk, Thais
Rachiglossate (spine) radula
3 large, multicusped teeth

Question 11

What do bivalves use to feed?

Answer 11

Lamellibranch gills (ctenidia)

Question 12

What does the stomach of bivalves contain?

Answer 12

crystalline style

Question 13

what is the function of the Pyloric caeca?

Answer 13

Additional digestion

Question 14

How do filter feeding brittle stars feed?

Answer 14

Trap food with mucous strings

Wipe arms on spines

Question 15

How do Carnivores brittle stars feed?

Answer 15

Five jaws, stomach is blind sac

Arms lasso prey

Question 16

food, feeding structure and strategy of sea urchins?

Answer 16

Algae grazers
Aristotle’s lantern with teeth
Scrape, grasp and pull food

Question 17

how do sea cucumbers feed?

Answer 17

Deposit feeders and filter feeders
Buccal podia (tentacles) stuff deposit into mouth

Question 18

What is the diet and feeding structures of a horseshoe crab?

Answer 18

Benthic omnivores
Food groove
Gnathobases crush food
Proventriculus
Gizzard and storage

Question 19

What is the function of Chelicerae?

Answer 19

immobilise prey

Question 20

What are Chelipeds?

Answer 20

pincers or claws

Question 21

key features of decapod mouth?

Answer 21

Buccal frame
Chelipeds – pincers or claws
Mandibles and five pairs of appendages (maxillipeds
and maxillae)

Question 22

how does predation work in decapods?

Answer 22

Food captured with chelipeds
Passed to 3rd maxillipeds
Pieces torn by maxillae and
maxillipeds

Question 23

how does deposit feeding work in decapods?

Answer 23

Chelipeds scoop up mud and detritus
Water from branchial chamber washes sediment
through setal filters
Organic particles are ingested

Question 24

What do barnacles use to feed?

Answer 24

cirri

Question 25

What are the key insect mouthparts?

Answer 25

Labrum – ‘upper lip’
Mandibles
Maxillae
Labium – ‘lower lip’

Question 26

how are the mouthparts modified in piercing and sucking insects?

Answer 26

Beak with piercing stylet
and covering labium
Salivary and food channels

Question 27

What do insects specialising in sucking tend to have?

Answer 27

Highly modified maxillae