Lecture 4 & 5 - Brainstem and Spinal Cord I & II

Question 1

Filum Terminale?

Answer 1

pinch off of pia and arachnoid mater, anchors nerves to prevent sacral nerve pinching

Question 2

Rexed’s laminae - I?

Answer 2

Postero marginal nucleus - pain and temperature sensation

Question 3

Rexed’s Laminae - II?

Answer 3

substantia gelatinosa - mainly opioid receptors

Question 4

Rexed’s Laminae - III and IV?

Answer 4

Nucleus prioprius - input regarding light touch & limb position, projects to dorsal columns

Question 5

Homonculus of dorsal aspect of spinal cord?

Answer 5

upper body laterally (cuneate) and lower body medially (gracile)

Question 6

Rexed’s Laminae - VII?

Answer 6

dorsal nucleus of Clark - post-spinocerebellar tract; as well as intermediate zone and intemediolateral nucleus - sympathetic

Question 7

Myotactic reflex?

Answer 7

movement of muscles triggers reflexed movement of other muscles, innervating muscle triggers activation through ventral root of ventral horns - flexors being central and extensors being lateral

Question 8

Tegmentum?

Answer 8

only constant tissue mass throughout the brainstem, in the inside - mesencephalic, pontine, medullary

Question 9

Ventral section of midbrain?

Answer 9

crus cerebri (medial to lateral homonculus) with substantia nigra deep

Question 10

Ventral section of pons and contents?

Answer 10

pons basilaris, with pontine nuclei (motor control of face)

Question 11

Ventral section of medulla?

Answer 11

medullary pyramids

Question 12

Dorsal section of midbrain?

Answer 12

tectum - with superior and inferior colliculi

Question 13

Dorsal section of pons?

Answer 13

cerebellar peduncles

Question 14

dorsal section of medulla?

Answer 14

gracile (s) and caudate (i) nuclei

Question 15

Corticobulbar tract?

Answer 15

from the facial homonculus, through within the internal capsule, pass midbrain through crus cerebri, decussation at pons to innervate the face

Question 16

Corticospinal tract?

Answer 16

from homonculus, through within the internal capsule, pas through all of brainstem up till pyramidal decussation (85%) for contralateral innervation or continue through ventral corticospinal tract (15%) for ispislateral innervation