Lecture 30 - Neurotransmission

Question 1

Astrocyte function?

Answer 1

NT take up, regulate transmission, electrical conduction via gap junctions

Question 2

Protoplasmic Astrocytes?

Answer 2

reside in layers 2-6, GFAP-positive processes form domains and do not intermingle, vast reach of affecting synapses

Question 3

Fibrous Astrocytes?

Answer 3

found in white and grey matter, processes intermingle and do not form domains, support role rather than information and respond to brain injury

Question 4

Pericytes?

Answer 4

encase endothelial cells in brain capillaries maintaining BBB, theorised relation to Alzheimer’s and stroke

Question 5

Neurotransmission drug targets?

Answer 5

enzymes, proteins, channels, uptake proteins, receptors, transducer proteins

Question 6

Microglia?

Answer 6

resident macrophages, phagocytose debris, sulpt brain during development

Question 7

Chemical neuroanatomy?

Answer 7

study of anatomical localisation of neurotransmitter locations and how these locations are relevant for drug targets

Question 8

Monoamine NTs?

Answer 8

serotonin, noradrenaline, DA

Question 9

AA derived?

Answer 9

GABA, glutamate, glycine

Question 10

Other types of NTs?

Answer 10

Ach, neuropeptides

Question 11

Neuromodulators?

Answer 11

released by nerve and glial cells, slow pre and post synaptic responses

Question 12

Neurotrophic Factors?

Answer 12

long-time scale, act on tyrosine-kinase type receptors to mediate growth and survival promoting effects e.g. BDNF, IGF-1

Question 13

Fast working NTs?

Answer 13

ion channel: glycine, glutamate

Question 14

Slow working NTs?

Answer 14

GPCR: DA, neuropeptides