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Human Gross Anatomy > Lecture 3.4 - Anterior and Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Lecture 3.4 - Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the anterior thigh muscles innervated by and what are their general actions?

A
  • usually hip flexors and knee extensors

- usually innervated by femoral nerve

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2
Q

What are the anterior thigh muscles

A
  1. pectineus
  2. sartorius
  3. iliopsoas
  4. quadriceps femoris
    - rectus femoris
    - vastus lateralis/medialis/intermedius
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3
Q

Psoas major (OINA)

A

O: transverse process, intervertebral discs, and bodies of T12-L5
I: lesser trochanter of femur
N: L1-L3
A: flexes thigh and stabilizes trunk

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4
Q

Iliacus (OINA)

A

O: superior 2/3 iliac fossa
I: lesser trochanter of femur
N: femoral nerve
A: flexes thigh and stabilizes trunk

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5
Q

Sartorius (OINA)

A

O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: superior medial tibia
N: femoral nerve
A: flexes hip; abducts and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee

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6
Q

What characteristics do all quadriceps femoris share?

A
  • all insert onto quadricep femoris tendon which inserts into patella
  • only the rectus femoris spans 2 joints
  • the other 3 span only the knee joint (extending it)
  • all innervated by femoral nerve
  • quadriceps are used in climbing, running, jumping, and rising from a chair
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7
Q

Rectus femoris (OINA)

A

O: AIIS and ilium
I: base of patella
N: femoral nerve
A: extends knee; flexes thigh

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8
Q

Vastus lateralis (OINA)

A

O: intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, lateral linea aspera
I: base of patella
N: femoral nerve
A: extends knee

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9
Q

Vastus intermedius (OINA)

A

O: anterior and lateral surface of shaft of femur
I: base of patlla
N: femoral nerve
A: extends knee

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10
Q

Vastus medialis (OINA)

A

O: intertrochanteric line and medial linea aspera
I: base of patella
N: femoral nerve
A: extends knee

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11
Q

What are the patellar ligaments?

A
  • tendons of the quadriceps form the quadriceps tendon which attaches to the patella
  • continues as patellar ligament (tendon) attaching to tibial tuberosity
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12
Q

What is the patella? How is it formed? Articulate with? Compartments?

A
  • large sesamoid bone, triangular shape
  • formed intratendinously within quadriceps tendon
  • articulate with femur, but not tibia
  • base, medial and lateral border, apex
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13
Q

What is the quadricep reflex?

A
  • when the patellar ligament is tapped briskly, contraction of quadriceps is elicited resulting in extension of knee joint
  • exaggeration, slowing, or absence of the reaction suggests that there may be damage to the central nervous system
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14
Q

What is the function of the patella?

A
  • causes the force of generated by the quadriceps femoris to be more parallel to the line of action on the tibia
  • at birth it is cartilagenous and become ossified between 3-6 years of age
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15
Q

What are the medial thigh muscles and their main action?

A
  • adductor group”
    – adductor longs/brevis
    – adductor magnus adductor/hamstring
    – gracilis
    – obturator externus
    Their main action is adduction of thigh
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16
Q

What is the innervation of medial thigh muscles?

A
  • usually innervated by obturator nerve

- exception being adductor magnus hamstring innervated by tibial nerve part of sciatic nerve

17
Q

What is a pulled groin?

A

stretching, straining, and tearing away of tendinous origin adductors

18
Q

Adductor longus (OINA)

A

O: pubis, inferior to pubic crest
I: middle third of linea aspera
N: obturator nerve
A: adducts thigh

19
Q

Adductor brevis (OINA)

A

O: body and inferior ramus of pubs
I: pectineal line and proximal linea aspera
N: obturator nerve
A: adducts thigh

20
Q

Obturator externus (OINA)

A

O: outer surface of obturator membrane, bony boundaries of obturator formane
I: trochanteric fossa of femur
N: obturator nerve
A: lateral rotation of thigh

21
Q

Adductor magnus (OINA)

A

O: inferior ramus of pubis; ramus of ischium; ischial tuberosity
I: gluteal tuberostu; linea aspera (adductor); adductor tubercle (hamstring)
N: obturator nerve (adductor); tibial nerve (hamstring)
A: adducts thigh (adductor); extends thigh (hamstring)

22
Q

What is the adductor hiatus?

A
  • opening at inferior insertion of adductor magnus

- forms the inferior end of adductor canal (Hunter’s canal) through which the femoral vessels pass

23
Q

Gracilis (OINA)

A

O: body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: superior part of medial surface of tibia
N: obturator nerve
A: adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg
It is a weak adductor and the only one in the group to cross knee joint

Human Gross Anatomy (17 decks)

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