Lecture 33-35- Tubular Gastrointestinal Tract

Question 1

Layers of the GI tract

Answer 1

mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa

Question 2

What lines the GI mucosa?

Answer 2

Epithelium

Question 3

What are the layers of the Mucosa layer

Answer 3

Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosa

Question 4

What mucosal layer contains the vessels and lymphatic ducts?

Answer 4

Lamina propria

Question 5

What tissue type in the submucosal layer provides stretch?

Answer 5

Collagen

Question 6

What is contained within the GI submucosal layer?

Answer 6

Nerves and vessels

Question 7

What are the layers of the Muscularis layer?

Answer 7

Inner circular layer
Outer longitudinal layer

Question 8

What is the name of the plexuses found between the two muscularis layers

Answer 8

Myenteric plexuses

Question 9

What line the outside of the serosa in the enteric system?

Answer 9

Mesothelial cells

Question 10

What type of cells line the outside of of the serosa of the esophagus and rectum?

Answer 10

Adventitia (analogous to the mesothelial cells

Question 11

What cell type lines the esophageal lumen?

Answer 11

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 12

What tissue layer of the esophagus houses the mucous glands?

Answer 12

Submucosa

Question 13

What is the only part of the GI tract that contains skeletal muscle in the muscularis layer?

Answer 13

Esophagus

Question 14

What composes the esophageal adventitia?

Answer 14

Loose connective tissue and adipose tissue

Question 15

Sections of a ruminant stomach, cranial to caudal

Answer 15

Reticulum
Omasum
Rumen
Abomasum

Question 16

What forestomach has gross papillae?

Answer 16

Rumen

Question 17

What type of tissue lining the rumen does not handle acid well, and can cause rumen acidosis from high carb diets

Answer 17

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 18

Are rumen papillae longer from high forage diets or ground diets?

Answer 18

High forage diets
Ground diets can cause rumen acidosis, wearing down the papillae

Question 19

What forestomach section has a gross honeycomb pattern?

Answer 19

Reticulum

Question 20

What forestomach section has a gross book pages appearance?

Answer 20

Omasum

Question 21

What additional section in a pig stomach is nonglandular and cannot tolerate acid?

Answer 21

Pars esophagea

Question 22

Which species have a large nonglandular region of their stomachs?

Answer 22

rats and horses

Question 23

What section of the glandular stomach has the thickest mucosal layer and is lined by mucus neck cells (goblet cells)

Answer 23

Fundus

Question 24

What cells in the mucosal layer of the fundus secrete HCl and are stained pink?

Answer 24

Parietal cells

Question 25

What cells in the mucosal layer of the Fundus secrete pepsinogen and are stained blue?

Answer 25

Chief cells

Question 26

What differentiates the gastric fundus from the pylorus microscopically?

Answer 26

The pylorus has no chief or parietal cells and has more branched tubular mucus glands

Question 27

Where to enteric cells proliferate?

Answer 27

Villous crypts

Question 28

What is the name of a lymph vessel embedded in the lamina propria of a small intestinal villi?

Answer 28

Lacteal

Question 29

What is the name of a nerve plexus within the submucosa?

Answer 29

Meissner’s plexus

Question 30

What is the only part of the GI tract in which the submucosa has glands?

Answer 30

Duodenum

Question 31

What type of gland is found in the submucosa of the duodenum and what does it secrete?

Answer 31

Brunner’s glands secrete alkaline mucus to neutralize acid

Question 32

Name of lymph aggregates that form the Peyer’s patches of the ileum, jejunum, and large intestine

Answer 32

Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)

Question 33

What is the microscopic difference between the small intestine and large intestine

Answer 33

the large intestine has no crypts/vili