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Micro Physiology > Lecture 26- The Cardiac Pump > Flashcards

Lecture 26- The Cardiac Pump Flashcards

1
Q

What encloses the myofibrils that make up a cardiomyocyte?

A

Sarcolemma

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2
Q

What cytoskeletal protein attaches the sarcomere to the Z line?

A

Titin

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3
Q

What is the role of troponin-I

A

Inhibit actin and myosin interaction

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4
Q

What is the role of troponin-C

A

Binding site for calcium

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5
Q

What is the role of troponin-T

A

Attaches tropomyosin

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6
Q

What is excitation-contraction coupling?

A

AP –> Ca release –> actin and myosin interactions

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7
Q

Is ATP required for myocardial contraction?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Why can high blood troponin levels indicate a heart attack?

A

Troponin is released when cardiomyocytes die

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9
Q

What is calcium-induced calcium release

A

A small amount of Ca that enters the cell triggers the SR to release more Ca

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10
Q

What is systole?

A

Ventricular contraction

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11
Q

What is diastole?

A

Ventricular filling

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12
Q

What is isovolumic contraction

A

When AV valved and semilunar valves are closed, and ventricles are contracting
Volume stays the same, pressure increases

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13
Q

What makes the Lub and Dub sounds

A

Lub- AV valve closure
Dub- Semilunar valve closure

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14
Q

What do S1 and S2 mark?

A

(Lub and dub)
the beginning and end of systole

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15
Q

Does the systemic pressure ever fall to zero?

A

No

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16
Q

Does ventricular pressure fall to zero?

A

Yes

17
Q

What does venous return determine?

A

CO

18
Q

What is preload?

A

Measure of myocardial stretch before contraction
Increases contraction

19
Q

What is afterload?

A

Muscles that oppose myocardial shortening
Decreases contraction

20
Q

What force optimizers actin-myosin interaction?

A

Preload stretch

21
Q

The ability of the ventricle to fill at low pressure depends on…

A

Myocardial relaxation
Ventricular compliance

22
Q

High venous and ventricular pressures can result from…

A

Low compliance

23
Q

What is the primary heart disease in cats?

A

Diastolic dysfunction

24
Q

What measures end diastolic wall stress?

A

preload

25
Q

What measures systolic wall stress?

A

after load

Micro Physiology (35 decks)

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