Lecture 19-20- Circulatory System Flashcards
Three layers of blood vessels?
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia
What composes the tunica intima?
Endothelial cells
What separates the tunica intima from the tunica media?
Internal elastic lamina
What composes the tunica media?
smooth muscle +/- elastin
What composes the tunica adventitia?
Connective tissue
What layer has the vasa vasorum and nervi vasorum?
Tunica adventitia
What are mineralized chunks within the tunica intima of horses?
Intimal bodies
Three types of arteries
Elastic
Muscular
Arterioles
How many layers of smooth muscle in arterioles?
Three
What is the location of oxygen and nutrient exchange?
Capillary
Three types of capillaries
Continuous
Fenestrated
Discontinuous
Where are continuous capillaries found and what do they do?
Gas exchange in most tissue (muscle, brain, lungs)
Where are fenestrated capillaries found and what do they look like?
Complete basement lining but with holes in the lining. Found in intestine, glands, glomeruli
Where are discontinuous capillaries located and what do they do?
Allow cells to penetrate wholly through the wall. Found in liver and sinusoids (spleen, lymph nodes, marrow)
How can WBC escape circulation from any capillary?
Infammation
Types of veins
Venule
Medium-sized veins
Large veins
What do venules lack
Tunica media
What are found within large veins
Venous valves
Which large veins do not have valves?
Hepatic portal vein and vena cava
What are the layers of the heart?
Inner, muscular, and outer (like arteries)
Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
What lines the endocardium
Endothelial cells
Where are hemangiosarcomas most likely to occur?
Right atrium
What layer of the heart are Purkinje fibers located?
Myocardium
Fibrous rings that hold the shape of the valves of the heart
Cardiac skeleton
What cells are found in the epicardium?
Mesothelial cells
Where is the pericardial sac connected?
The base of the heart
What lines the pericardial sac on both sides?
mesothelial cells
What does the pericardial sac produce on the cardiac side? the outside?
Pericardial fluid
Pleural fluid
What, besides veins, has valves?
Lymphatic vessels
What are lymphatic vessels lined by?
endothelium
What is the structure that is a collection of lymphatic vessels that dump into a large vein near the heart?
Thoracic duct
