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micro physiology > Lecture 21-22- Supportive Tissue > Flashcards

Lecture 21-22- Supportive Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Components of cartilage

A

Matrix
Chondrocytes
Lacuna

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2
Q

Different kinds of cartilage growth

A

Appositional
Interstitial

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3
Q

Types of cartilage

A

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

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4
Q

What do chondrocytes produce?

A

Matrix

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5
Q

Clear space surrounding chondrocytes

A

Lacuna

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6
Q

Are vessels and nerves within cartilage?

A

No

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7
Q

Cartilage growth from the edges, throughout life, surrounded by perichondrium

A

Appositional

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8
Q

Examples of where appositional growth occurs

A

Tips of nose, ears

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9
Q

Where is articular cartilage found?

A

Ends of bones

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10
Q

Does articular cartilage have a perichondrium

A

No

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11
Q

Characteristics of interstitial growth

A

Young animals, growth from within the cartilage, contains isogenous groups

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12
Q

Glassy cartilage, includes articular cartilage and the fetal skeleton

A

Hyaline cartilage

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13
Q

Cartilage with large lacuna, found within the ear

A

Elastic cartilage

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14
Q

Cartilage with small lacuna, surrounded by collagen, arranged in rows, make up menisci, tendon attachments, and IV discs

A

Fibrocartilage

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15
Q

Bone cells

A

Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes

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16
Q

Bone matrix types

A

Mineral
Collagen

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17
Q

Microscopic bone organizations

A

Woven
Lamellar

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18
Q

Configurations of bone

A

Compact
Cancellous

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19
Q

Types of bone formation

A

Endochondral ossification
Intramembranous ossification

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20
Q

Where are osteoblasts found and what do they do?

A

Lined up on the edges of bones
Make osteoid (unmineralized bone)

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21
Q

Where are osteocytes found and what do they do?

A

Differentiated osteoblasts within the bone

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22
Q

What are osteoclasts and what do they do?

A

Large cells on the outside of bone
They remove bone

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23
Q

Depressions made by osteoclasts

A

Howship’s lacuna

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24
Q

Disease where there are more osteoclasts than blasts

A

Osteoporosis

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25
Q

What is vitamin A toxicity in cats

A

Death of osteoclasts, overgrowth of bone

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26
Q

Is there more calcium or phosphorus within bones?

A

Calcium

27
Q

What is the structural matrix of bones composed of?

A

Collagen

28
Q

Is woven or lamellar bone formed first?

A

Woven

29
Q

What is woven bone made of

A

Mineralized osteoid

30
Q

Is there more organized collage in woven or lamellar bone?

A

Lamellar bone

31
Q

Concentric rings of collagen found within lamellar bone

A

Osteon

32
Q

In the middle of an osteon

A

Haversian canal

33
Q

What type of bone has blood vessels and nerves?

A

Lamellar bone

34
Q

Is the middle of a long bone made of compact or cancellous bone

A

Cancellous

35
Q

Thin filaments within cancellous bone

A

Trabeculae

36
Q

Cancellous bone on either end of a long bone

A

Epiphysis

37
Q

Between epiphysis and diaphysis

A

Metaphysis

38
Q

Growth plate below epiphysis

A

Physis

39
Q

What bone configuration is the metaphysis?

A

Cancellous

40
Q

What is around the outside of the bone?

A

Periosteum

41
Q

Radiolucent line allowing artery entry to a bone

A

Nutrient foramen

42
Q

Where are hematopoietic cells found?

A

Marrow

43
Q

What happens to the marrow of adults?

A

It becomes fatty

44
Q

Where are osteoprogenitor cells found? (react in case of fracture)

A

Periosteum

45
Q

Inner boney envelope within medullary cavity

A

Endosteum

46
Q

Where do osteosarcomas usually start?

A

Metaphysis

47
Q

Are osteosarcomas composed of osteoblasts or osteoclasts?

A

Osteoblasts

48
Q

How are most bones in the body formed?

A

Endochondrial ossification

49
Q

What is the order of ossification of a bone?

A

Diaphysis, epiphysis, then physis

50
Q

Direction of bone formation

A

From physis towards diaphysis

51
Q

Zones of bone formation (starting at physis)

A

Resting
Proliferating (coin stack)
Hypertrophied (Abundant clear cytoplasm)
Calcified (chondrocytes die and matrix calcifies

52
Q

What repairs the epiphysis?

A

Baby growth plate on articular cartilage

53
Q

Weakest zone

A

Hypertrophied

54
Q

What is the worst salter-harris fracture to have?

A

IV

55
Q

Does intramembranous ossification involve cartilage?

A

No

56
Q

What bone forms from intramembranous ossification?

A

skull and clavicle

57
Q

How does bone remodeling occur?

A

Osteoblasts build one side and osteoclasts destroy the other

58
Q

Types of joints

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

59
Q

Where are fibrous joints found?

A

Between the plates of the skull

60
Q

Where are cartilaginous joints found?

A

Intervertebral discs

61
Q

What type of joint moves the most?

A

Synovial

62
Q

How does unvascularized articular cartilage receive nutrients?

A

Synovial fluid

63
Q

What lines the synovial capsule?

A

Synoviocytes

64
Q

What type of cell are synoviocytes

A

Mesenchymal cells

micro physiology (35 decks)

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