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Micro Physiology > Lecture 28- Arterial Blood Pressure > Flashcards

Lecture 28- Arterial Blood Pressure Flashcards

1
Q

What pressure is recorded as blood pressure?

A

Systemic arterial pressure

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2
Q

Cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance =

A

Blood pressure

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3
Q

Which valves are open during systole?

A

Semilunar

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4
Q

How does hyperthyroidism affect Bp

A

hypertension

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5
Q

What are short-term controls of BP

A

Baroreceptor reflexes
Chemoreceptor reflexes

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6
Q

Where are baroreceptors found?

A

carotid sinus
aortic arch

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7
Q

What does the arterial baroreflex respond to?
What does it do?

A

increased BP
Vagally decrease HR

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8
Q

Where are low pressure baroreceptors found?
What triggers them?
What do they do?

A

pulmonary arteries and right atrium
Low BP
Increases urine output to increase BV

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9
Q

What factors stimulate chemoreceptor reflex?
What does it do?

A

Decrease in O2, Increase CO2, Decrease in pH
Increases sympathetic tone- arterial pressure

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10
Q

What is the most important sympathetic receptor?

A

alpha1

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11
Q

What does each receptor do?
alpha1
alpha2
beta1
beta2

A

vasoconstriction
decrease release of NE
Increases SA node stimulation
vasodilation of skeletal muscle

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12
Q

what does inotropic mean?

A

increases contractility

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13
Q

What does chronotropic mean?

A

Increases rate

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14
Q

What does lusitropic mean?

A

increases relaxation speed

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15
Q

Where are alpha receptors found?

A

Skin, GI, kidneys

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16
Q

What is longterm control of BP

A

RAAS
Natriuretic peptides
ECF renal mechanism

17
Q

What triggers renin release in the kidney?

A

Decreased BP in the kidney

18
Q

What is the renin cascade?

A

Renin -> Angiotensinogen -> angiotensin I -> angiotensin II -> aldosterone from adrenal glands

19
Q

What does angiotensin II cause

A

Release of aldosterone release
vasoconstriction

20
Q

What is the function of aldoesterone?

A

Na/water retention at the level of the kidney tubules

21
Q

What do ACE inhibitors do?

A

Stop angiotensin II

22
Q

How does increased Na retention affect intravascular voolume?

A

increased volume

23
Q

How does arterial pressure increase affect diuresis and natriuresis?

A

increase in urine output
increase in sodium excretion

24
Q

How does an increase in ecf affect
CO
Atrial pressure
Renal water/Na loss

A

Increases all in a cascade

25
Q

Do natriuretic proteins cause vasoconstriction or vasodilation?

A

Vasodilation

26
Q

What stimulates release of natriuretic proteins?

A

Cardiac stretch

27
Q

High BNP (natriuretic protein) levels indicate?

A

Congestive heart failure

28
Q

What local factors affect tissue perfusion?

A

Metabolism
Nitric oxide (vasodilation)
Endothelin (trauma related vasoconstriction)
Adenosine
Angiotensin II

Micro Physiology (35 decks)

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