lecture 33

Question 1

what does whitehead describe physical literacy as

Answer 1

motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding to maintain physical activity throughout the life course

Question 2

what does physical literacy encompass

Answer 2

doing, interpert, repsonding, and understanding.
signlaling an interpay with our surroundings. culture and society influential

Question 3

what is monism

Answer 3

moves away from dualistic approach, i.e., that physical activity is only good for physical well-being.

Question 4

what are the properties of physical literacy ?

Answer 4

affective, cognitive and physical domains.
related constructs
holistic concept
target audience
progression/developmental pathway

Question 5

why does physical literacy matter ?

Answer 5

Physical literacy predicts the physical activity and sedentary behaviours of youth.

Question 6

what was physical literacy assessed using a combination of to capture various domains of construct

Answer 6

Physical Competence
Cognitive Competence
Pleasure and Preference for Physical Activity

Question 7

PA levels that were assessed in PL

Answer 7

Engagement in physical activity (PA)
* Time spent in sedentary behaviour (SB)

Question 8

3 different groups for PA levels in PL

Answer 8

1) Active (high PA, low SB), Unhealthy (low PA high SB), 3) Active Screeners (high PA
and SB)

Question 9

were Females with high PL more likely to transition from low PA to active screeners group

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

Physical / motor competence can be assessed in two ways:

Answer 10

Product (outcome) oriented
Process (technique, often qualitative) oriented

Question 11

Factors influencing FMS competence

Answer 11

age - sex - training

Question 12

influences effecting balance

Answer 12

as you get older you get more balance. Effect of sex generally depends on age (<10 yrs, girls
balance better than boys), but some mixed results

Question 13

Locomotion influences

Answer 13

Girls develop advanced locomotor skills earlier

Question 14

Object control influences

Answer 14

Most studies show boys develop advanced object
control skills earlier than girls
Not many high quality studies on interventions or
training on FMS. Some evidence for positive effect in
children ~4 – 6 yrs.

Question 15

self-perceived motor competence.

Answer 15

A person’s perception of his or her motor competence

Question 16

Assessing Self-Perceived Competence

Answer 16

riginal athletic sub-scale had 6 questions (Harter, 1985).
Southall et al. (2004) added 12 questions to enhance reliability and validity.

Question 17

young children and Self-Perceived Motor Competence

Answer 17

limited accuracy, inflated levels of perceived
competence
For children <7 yrs, ↑effort = ↑motor skill competence
But, might be an important drive persistence and engagement

Question 18

Self-Perceived Motor Competence. Effect of sex and influences on this

Answer 18

esearch suggests boys and girls perceive physical competence differently. Parents, caregivers, teachers, and coaches all play an influential role in children’s development of self-perception.

Question 19

Effect of anthropometry: on self -perceibed

Answer 19

Overweight children have been shown to have significantly lower self-perceptions of physical competence (Southall et al., 2004).

Question 20

Systematic reviews examined the relationship between PA and FMS in young children (~3 – 6 yrs). positiev associations

Answer 20

Positive association between PA and FMS. Limited evidence that PA drives development of
FMS

Question 21

Systematic reviews examined the relationship between PA and FMS in young children (~3 – 6 yrs). limitations?

Answer 21

✓ Intensity of PA may be important
Not enough evidence yet to determine effect of sex
* But, object control skills and locomotor skills
tend to be more strongly related in boys and
girls, respectively (Logan et al, 2015)

Question 22

older children and actual Motor Competence and Physical Activity

Answer 22

Graf. 6.7yr children, FMS positively
correlated with PA (p = 0.035)

Logan et al (2015)
Some evidence that
relationship strenghtens with
age.

castalli. 9.5 yr children, FMS positively
correlated with PA (r = 0.55, p <
0.01)

Question 23

Changing relationship between perceive

Answer 23

as you get older there becomes a relationship between PMC and PA. at 5 year there was no correlation.

Question 24

what does sport intervention aim to do with PL.

Answer 24

aims to increase physical activity levels across the lifespan using a three pronged approach, in particular the Physical Literacy Approach

Question 25

five main challenges for assessing PL.

Answer 25

Wide range of movement skills
* No standardized tests for PL
* Tests often lack ‘ecological validity’
* Assessments often involve skill-instruction guidelines or demonstrations
* Time!

Question 26

What can we do to help people to become physically literate?

Answer 26

Exposure to a range of physical activities that act to
promote both skill and self-perceived competence
Track progress (i.e., teachers, coaches)

Question 27

The future – How do we help people develop
physical literacy?

Answer 27

develop with the times, technology. online and objective.

Question 28

who needs to be physically literate

Answer 28

everyone. PA increases