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psychology of context > lecture 3 > Flashcards

lecture 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

for most of history

A

people with mental disorders were treated as possessed - treated inhumanely

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2
Q

pinel

A

pioneer in humane treatment of patients and classification disorders

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3
Q

freud

A

major contributions- techniques and psychodynamic theories

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4
Q

Breuer

A

talking cure

allows patients to express their feelings unlock certain psychological issues

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5
Q

psychodynamic persepctive

A

psychology influences caused disorders

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6
Q

unconscious mind

A

filled with unacceptable thoughts , wishes, feelings and memories

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7
Q

free association

A

freuds technique to untapped the unconscious by having patients say whatever came to their mind

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8
Q

what is the goal of psychoanalysis

A

whats happening in the unconscious mind

patients reveal painful, embarrassing thoughts in the unconscious through free association

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9
Q

hynotherapy

A

mesmer

a way of accessing the unconscious

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10
Q

Breuer

A

talking cure
first tested on patient Anna O
tased about disturbing memories from the past which alleviated the symptoms

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11
Q

carl jung

A

free association

getting at unconscious thoughts

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12
Q

frauds drives and instincts

A

eros ,libido and Thanatos

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13
Q

eros

A

drive towards creation, life giving - life instinct

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14
Q

libido

A

drive towards sex and leisure - energy

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15
Q

thanatos

A

drive towards death - aggressive

something we don’t realise conscioust

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16
Q

structure of personality

A

id , ego and superego

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17
Q

id

A

operated at an unconscious level

on the pleasure principle

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18
Q

superego

A

ensures moral standards - morality

motivates us to behave in a socially responsible manner

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19
Q

ego

A

conscious mind/self

balances the id and superego

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20
Q

to be mentally healthy

A

the ego has to be able to balance the demands o the id and superego

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21
Q

if superego is dominant

A

individual might develop a neurosis - depression

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22
Q

if id is dominant

A

psychosis - schizophrenia

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23
Q

freud suggested that the mind is divided into three parts

A

conscious ,unconscious and preconsciouss

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24
Q

conscious

A

what we are aware of

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25
Q

preconscious

A

memories/ info we are not currently aware of but can be retrieved when needed

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26
Q

unconscious

A

unaware of the contents - biological drives and instincts that causes us extreme anxiety - so they are repressed

27
Q

unconscious influences

A

latent content of dreams - symbolic meaning

Freudian slip - slip of the tongue

28
Q

how does the ego negotiate between the id and superego

A 
defence mechanisms 
repression 
denial 
displacement 
projection
29
Q

repression

A

forcing a distressing memory out of the unconscious mind

30
Q

denial

A

refusing to acknowledge reality

31
Q

displacement

A

transferring feelings from their true source onto a substitute target

32
Q

projection

A

involves individuals attributing your own unacceptable thoughts , feelings and motives to another person

33
Q

psychosexual development

A

personality is shaped throughout childhood - takes place in a series of fixed psychosexual stages

34
Q

pleasure principle

A

the ids pleasure seeking energies focus on pleasure sensitive body areas - erogenous zones

35
Q

stages of psychosexual development

A 
oral
anal
phallic
latency 
genital
36
Q

oral

A

pleasure focus - anus
infant achieves gratification though oral activities
if forceful feeding occurs fixation on oral activities
scubas smoking

37
Q

anal

A

withhold and controlling faeces

if toilet training is too harsh or relaxed - obsessiveness , tidiness , disorgamsied

38
Q

phallic

A

child earns to realise the differences between males and females - becomes aware of sexualityy
aims to identify with the same sex parent

39
Q

latency

A

sexual drives are repressed

child energy is channeled into developing new skills , making friends and dealing with other urges

40
Q

genital

A

sexual desires become conscious

develop healthy sexual relationships

41
Q

oedipus complex

A

boys begin to desire his mother
boy sees father as a rival for his mothers attention
boy fears the father
so boys identify with his father

42
Q

Electra complex

A

girls sexually desire their fathers
girls blame mothers and sees her as a rival
the girl repress her feelings and identifies with her mother
superego develops - replaces penis envy with desire for a baby

43
Q

neo freudian-alfred adler

A

Alfred adler
believed in childhood tensions like freud but they were social not sexual
he works with people with physical difficulties

44
Q

Alfred adler was interested in the different ways people overcame problems

A

the different ways people overcame problems

45
Q

inferiority complex

A

we gain confidence when e realise we are able to meet external goals - those who do not learn this therefore develop inferiority

46
Q

karen Horney

A

believed that sex and aggression were not the primary constitutes for determining personality
electra complex do not relate to women

47
Q

tyranny of shoulds

A

we have external morals that we then internalise

toxic social environments create unhealthy beliefs in people called shoulds- internalised belief from toxic environment

48
Q

bargain with fate

A

we think we can control environments if we follow shoulds- to make us happy

49
Q

instead of listening to our shoulds

A

we should listen to our authentic desires- real self

50
Q

Anna frued

A

superego becomes clear only when it confronts the ego with hostility
superego speaks with language of guilt and shame

51
Q

superego creates

A

anxiety - that we deal with through defence mechanise

52
Q

sublimation

A

expand energy o prosocial activities in order t avoid undesired activities

53
Q

reaction formulation

A

make unacceptable impulses into their opposite acceptable form

54
Q

rationalism

A

try to create logical explanations of our behaviour in order to justify it

55
Q

denial

A

refuse to acknowledge info

56
Q

carl jung

A

interested in spiritual aspects of the unconscious and conscious

57
Q

archetypes

A

universal symbolic images that appear across cultures

58
Q

humanism

A

Maslow and carl rogers

59
Q

Maslow

A

believes in free will
hierarchy of needs-
basic needs, safety, belongingness, esteem needs and self actualisation

60
Q

self actualisation

A

ultimate goal - self fulfilment

61
Q

carl rogers

A

personal growth requires an individuals concept of self to be congruent with their ideal self , so people only self actualise if they had a positive view of their self (positive self regard). this can only happen if thy have unconditional positive regard from others

62
Q

self worth

A

confidence and positive feelings about him/ herself , face challenges in life , accept and failure

63
Q

beck c

A

cognitive therapy - emphasis on perceptions of experience

focus on errors in thinking

64
Q

existentialists vs humanists similarities and differences

A

both believe in free will
emphasises uniqueness
driven to be creative
existentialists- neutral humanists - optimist

psychology of context (19 decks)

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