history of psychology

Question 1

ebbinghaus

Answer 1

the history of psychology is short but its past is long

Question 2

Ancient Greek thought

Answer 2

before the development of science the world was viewed as falloff minds and magic

Question 3

paramenides

Answer 3

reality of the universe is unchanging
things that changed was just an illusion
so observation cannot be trusted

Question 4

rationalism

Answer 4

senses can be deceiving and should not be trusted

rely on logic instead- valid knowledge

Question 5

Heraclitus

Answer 5

everything is constantly changing

there is less permanence in the word Tham there seems o be

Question 6

empiricism

Answer 6

emphasises role of experience

gains info through sensory perception and observation

Question 7

presocratics

Answer 7

rational thoughts began to replace beliefs and myths

Question 8

Socrates

Answer 8

concerned with ethics and politics

socratic method- cooperative argumentative dialogue to stimulate critical thinking

Question 9

plato

Answer 9

rationalist
logic over observation
knowledge cannot be derived from the senses - tainted by individual differences - senses are error prone

Question 10

plato divided the

Answer 10

mind into 3 parts- tripartite
logistikon
thumos
epithumetikon

Question 11

logistikon

Answer 11

the intellect - seat of logic and reasoning

Question 12

thumbs

Answer 12

spiritual centre of the mind and dictated emotions

Question 13

epithumetikon

Answer 13

governed desires and appetites

Question 14

allegory of the cave

Answer 14

what we perceive as reality may not actually be reality
we are forced to link at imperfect copies of objects
there is a form for everything
but everyday instances are imperfect copies of the prototype

Question 15

Aristotle

Answer 15

empiricist
gain knowledge from observation
= reliable
he believed certain virtues were exercised and vices were avoided

Question 16

what are virtues

Answer 16

golden means between two vices - extremes

Question 17

galen

Answer 17

humorism
we have 4 elements - blood yellow bile black bile and phlegm
these have to be balanced if not - defaults in personality

Question 18

16th century

Answer 18

descartes 
locke 
hume 
kant
kierkegaarrd

Question 19

epistemology

Answer 19

concerns what knowledge is and how we get it

Question 20

ontology

Answer 20

concerns what exists / nature of reality

Question 21

descartes

Answer 21

rationalist bases opinion and actions on knowledge
I think therefore I am
systematic doubt - he believed in power of logic but he found reasons to doubt everything

Question 22

descartes about the mind

Answer 22

mind body dualism

mind and matter are fundamentally different

Question 23

the mind

Answer 23

thinks but doesn’t occupy space

exists separate from our body

Question 24

matter

Answer 24

occupies space and doesnt think

Question 25

Locke impact of primary qualities

Answer 25

impact of primary qualities on the senses - experience of sencondary qualities such as colour , weight , smell
secondary qualities exist in the mind but not in the world

Question 26

locke

Answer 26

empiricist
all knowledge comes from experience
association is the best way to learn

Question 27

hume

Answer 27

empiricist
skepticism - all doubt about experiences
feelings rather than reason stood for common sense

Question 28

Hume reason is the slave

Answer 28

of passions - we make a lot of judgements based on feelings/emotions - logical rational justification for your feeling s

Question 29

kant

Answer 29

disagreed with Hume

there are some fundamental perceptual experiences which are not merely habitual beliefs - a priori categories

Question 30

Kant said we can

Answer 30

perceive without association and we have a pure self

Question 31

kierkegaard

Answer 31

existentialism- emphasises the existence of the individual person as a free and reasonable agent

Question 32

Kierkegaard is interested in

Answer 32

the problem of despair= alienation from the self and be the self one truly is