Lecture 26: Lower GI Flashcards
label 1-6
- liver
- pancreas
- transverse mesocolon
- mesntery
- uterus
- rectum
label 7-14
- coronary ligament
- lesser omentum
- stomach
- transverse colon
- greater eomentum
- visceral Peritoneum
- parietal Peritoneum
- Urinary bladder
what is peritoneum
serous membrane containing most of abdo viscera. produces serous fluid, facilitate movement lower GI against each other
what are two layers peritoneum
parietal
peritoneum, that lines the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity, and
the visceral peritoneum, which covers the surface of most of the
abdominal and pelvic viscer
peritoneal ligament
connects two abdominal organs together
mesentery
connects small intestine to posterior abdo wall
meso
connects different parts of large intestine to posterior abdo wall
omentum
attached to stomach
intraperitoneal organs
completely covered by visceral peritoneum
retroperitoneal organs
located btw parietal peritoneum and posterior abdominal wall
peritoneal cavity in M vs F
slim space between parietal and visceral
layers of the peritoneum
contains serous fluid to lubricate the surfaces of the abdominal contents.
The peritoneal cavity is
an enclosed sac in males
in females it is connected with exterior
via the cavity of the uterine tubes, uterus and vagina.
what are the three types of peritoneal reflections
peritoneal ligament: connect abdo viscera to abdo walls or other organs (i.e. falciform ligament, connects liver to ant abdo wall and diaphragm)
- mesenteries: connect small intestine (except duodenum), transverse colon, sigmoid colon, appendix to posterior abdo wall
3.omenta: stretched btw stomach and other organs
greater omentum connects greater curvature of stomach to transverse mesocolon
lesser omentum connects liver to small curvature of stomach and first part duodenum
what sensitizes the parital peritoneum
afferent somatic fibres (phrenic, lower intercostal)
what sensitizes visceral peritoneum
afferent autonomic fibres
fxn peritoneal reflections
passageway for blood vessels, nerve, lymphatic vessels. avoid entanglement
coronary ligament
peritoneal ligament which attaches liver to another organ, diaphragm
what are intraperitoneal organs
stomach, uterus, liver, small intestine, some of large intestine
LULSS
what are retroperitoneal ligaments
pancreas, rectum, bladder , kidney
PBR, K?
- liver
- lessesr omentum (aka gastrohepatic lig.)
- stomach
- greater omentum
how does greater omentum move? whats it attached to
chemotaxic movement
attached to greater curvature of stomach and free brder inferiorly
- greater omentum
- transverse colon
- transverse mesocolon (peritoneal ref.)
4.descending colon
5.mesentery (binds small intestine to post abdo wall) - sigmoid mesocolon (attach sigmoid colon to post abdo wall)
- sigmoid colon
label A-D
A. Fundus
B. Body
C. Pyloric antrum
D.Pyloric canal
label 1-7
- duodenum
- pyloris
- lesser curvature
- esophagus
- cardia
- greater curvature
- rugae
what is cardia
where stomach joins esophagus
at TXI
what is fundus
part of stomach above cardia
what is body of stomach
part below cardia
what are rugae
folds. only visible when stomach is empty. allows espanxion
3 parts of small intestine
- duodenum: retroperitoneal. 25 cm
- jejunum: first 2/5 of small intestine. mostly in umbillical region
- ileum: 3/5 of small intestine. mostly hypogastric region
jejunum and ileum are intraperitoneal. attached to posterior wall by mesentery
- vermiform appendix
- cecum
- ileoceccal valve
- right colic (hepatic) flexure
- lef colic (splenic) flexure
- tenia coli
- haustrum
- anal canal
how long is large intestine
1.5m
cecum
receives ileum and opening appendix
fxn appendix
part of immune system. important begore age 10 for B lymphocytes
where does ascending colon bend
just below liver. = right colic flecure (aka hepatic flexure)
where does transverse colon bend
left colic/splenic flexure
what is tenia coli
band of smooth muscle fibre in large intestine. contraction = sac like tructure form along length of intesine = Haustrum
blood supply abdominal part of alimentary canal
celiac trunk divides into L gastric, common hepatic, and splenic branches which supply esohagus, stomach, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas, upper duodenum
superior mesenteric artery supplies lower duodenum, small part of pancreas, small intestine, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, right 2/3 transverse colon
inferior mesenteric artery supplies left rhid of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid, rectum, anal canal
sympathetic niput to abdomino-pelvic region
splanchnic nerves
PSN input to abdomino-pelvic region
CNX or pelvic sphalcnic
