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CAPS391 Winter 2023 > Lecture 2: Intro to Skeletal System > Flashcards

Lecture 2: Intro to Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Principal functions of skeletal system?

A
  1. Movement
  2. Protection
  3. Homeostasis of minerals
  4. RBC production
  5. Storage minerals/lipids
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2
Q

Types of bones (shapes)?

A

Long (i.e. humerous)
Short (i.e. ankle)
Flat (i.e. sternum)
Irregular (i.e. vertebrae)
Sesamoid (I.e. patella)

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3
Q

Types of bones (shapes)?

A

Long (i.e. humerous)
Short (i.e. ankle)
Flat (i.e. sternum)
Irregular (i.e. vertebrae)
Sesamoid (I.e. patella)

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4
Q

largest sesamoid bone in body

A

patella

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5
Q

2 divisions of skeletons in skeletal system

A
  1. axial
  2. appendicular
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6
Q

what are sesamoid bones

A

embedded within tendons of muscles. prevent rubbing of tendon against joint. I.e. patella

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7
Q

what is axial skeleton

A

Skull
Vertebral Column
Ribs
Sternum

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8
Q

Appendicular bones

A

Scapula
Clavicle
Sternum
Ribs
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

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9
Q

Girdles

A

appendicular bones which attach other appendicular bones to axial *shoulder girdle= clavicle & scapula)

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10
Q

2 major types of bones in skull

A
  1. Neurocranium
  2. Viscerocranium
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11
Q

what bone forms forehead

A

frontal bone. single

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12
Q

what bone forms upper jaw

A

Maxilla. Paired bone. purple in image

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13
Q

what bone forms lower jaw.

A

Mandible. Unpaired. dark blue in image

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14
Q

light blue in image

A

Zygomatic. paired bone.

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15
Q

3 cavities that connect cranium to orbital cavity

A
  1. optical canal
  2. superior orbital fissure
  3. inferior orbital fissure
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16
Q

How many paired bones are in nasal conchae?

A

3 pairs:

  1. superior nasal conchae
  2. middle
  3. inferior

inferior nasal concha is an individual bone, the other two are part of ethmoid

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17
Q

How many bones in neurocranium?

A

8!!
occipital bone, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid

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18
Q

How many bones in viscerocranium?

A

14

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19
Q

Where is zygomatic arch? What are the bones that form it

A

zygomatic + temporal bone.
Above jaw

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20
Q

Function of lacrimal bone

A

has duct which carries tears from eyes to nasal duct

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21
Q

mastoid

A

bony process behind ear (part of mandible)

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22
Q

styloid

A

bony process. sharp stick (part of mandible)

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23
Q

what is the circled feature

A

condylar process

(part of mandible)
articulates with temporal bone (TMJ)

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24
Q

what is circled?

A

coronoid process

attachment site for muscle which closes jaw (part of mandible)

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25
ramus
(part of mandible) bony plate of mandible coronoid and condylar processes are on the ramus of the mandible
26
sagittal suture
btw L and R parietal bones
27
external occipital protuberance
bony elevation on occipital bone
28
lambdoid suture
btw occipital bone and parietal bones
29
suture
joint btw bones of skull. not movable
30
coronal suture
btw frontal and parietal bones
31
bregma
anterior fontanel remnant
32
lambda
posteroir fontanel remnant
33
what 2 bones is hard palate made of
1. maxilla 2. Palatine (posterior)
34
vomer & choana
contributes to median nasal cavities The posterior edge of the palate forms the inferior boundary of the choanae (posterior nasal apertures), which are separated from each other by the vomer. The vomer is a thin, flat bone that forms a part of the bony nasal septum
35
pteryigoid
bony process in middle sphenoid
36
occipital condyle
convex, smooth surface on occipital bone. articulate iwth first cervical vertebrae *articulated to CI
37
3 cranial cavities
1. anterior cranial fossa 2. middle cranial fossa 3. posterior cranial fossa
38
cribiform plate of ethmoid
ethmoid=notch in frontal bone has openings for CN1. sense of smell
39
how is sphenoid divided
greater and lesser wing, and pterygoid process.
40
hyphophyseal fossa (sella turcica)
cavity in sphenoid. pituitary gland sits here.
41
foramen rotundum
round opening in sphenoid
42
foramen ovale
oval opening in sphenoid
43
foramen spinosum
small, needle like opening in sphenoid
44
petrous
hardest part of skull. part of temporal bone. middle and inner ears contained here
45
foramen lacerum
in temporal bone. opening "lacerated"
46
internal acoustic meatus
opening just behind petrosu
47
jugular foramen
one of largest opening. occipital bone
48
What is a condyle?
rounded articular area
49
what is an epicondyle?
eminnce superior to a condyle
50
what is a facet
smooth flat area, usually covered with cartilage, where a bone articulates with another bone
51
what is a foramen
pasage thru a bone
52
what is a fossa
hollow or depressed area
53
what is this
foramen magnum
54
what is circled
vomer -separates the choanae
55
what is this
hard palate purple=maxilla pink=palatine
56
what is this
choana -posterior nasal opening
57
what is blacked out
jugular foramen
58
what is blacked out
foramen ovale in sphenoid
59
foramen rotundum in sphenoid
60
whats circled
ethmiod
61
what this
hypophyseal fossa (sella turcica) cavity in sphenoid. pituitary gland sits herr
62
whats this
formen spinosum in sphenoid
63
whats this
optic canal
64
whats this
petrous hardest part of skull part of temporal bone

CAPS391 Winter 2023 (29 decks)

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