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CAPS391 Winter 2023 > Lecture 17: Skeletal Muscles Upper Limb > Flashcards

Lecture 17: Skeletal Muscles Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what muscle is shown in this anterior view? Describe origin, isnertion, fxn, innervation

A
  1. Lesser tubercle of humerus
    2.subscapularis
    origin: subscapular fossa
    insertion: lesser tubercle humerus
    fxn: prime mover for medial rotation of shoulder
    nerve: Brachial plexus (subscapular nerve)
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2
Q

what muscle is prime mover for medial rotation of shoulder

A

subscapularis

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3
Q

label

A
  1. spine of scapula
  2. supraspinatus
  3. greater tubercle of humerus
  4. infraspinatus
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4
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve of supraspinatus

A

origin: supraspinous fossa
insertion: greater tubercle humerus
fxn: prime mover for first 30 degree of abduction glenohumeral joint
nerve: subscapular nerve (brachial)

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5
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve of infraspinatus

A

origin:infraspinous fossa
insertion: greater tubercle humerus
fxn: prime mover for lateral rotation shoulder
nerve: subscapular nerve (brachial)

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6
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve of deltoid

A

origin: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
insertion: bony elevation at midpoint lateral shaft humerus (deltoid tuberosity)
fxn: prime mover for abduction from 30-90 degrees
nerve: auxillary branch brahcial plexus

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7
Q
A
  1. deltoid
  2. claavicle
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8
Q

what muscle is prime mover for abduction shoulder joint first 30 degrees? btw 30-90 degrees?

A

first 30= supraspinatus
30-90= deltoid

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9
Q

prime mover for medial rotation shoulder?

A

subscapularis

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10
Q

prime mover for lateral rotation shoulder?

A

infraspinatus

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11
Q

general fxn of posterior vs anterior compartment of arm

A

posterior= extensor compartment (extension elbow, radial nerve)

anterior= flexor compartment (flexion of shoulder, elbow. innervated by musculocutaneous)

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12
Q

what separates the posterior and anterior arm

A

intermuscular septum
= dense connective tissue

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13
Q

fxn/origin/insertion/nerve Biceps

A

fxn: flexion shoulder and elbow and PRIME mover for supination forearm
origin: long head-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula. short head- coracoid process of scapula
insertion: radial tuberosity
nerve: musculocutaneous

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14
Q

prime mover for supination?

A

biceps

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15
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve for brachialis?

A

origin: shaft humerur
insert: ulnar tuberosity
fxn: flexion elbow (prime mover)
nerve: musculocutaneous

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16
Q

prime mover for elbow flexion

A

brachialis

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17
Q

what muscle is this? label componenets

A

biceps brachii
1. long head
2. short head

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18
Q

what msucle?

A

brachialis

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19
Q

what are the three branches of triceps brachii?

A
  1. lateral head
    origin== lateral shaft humerus
  2. long head
    origin= infraglenoid scapula
  3. medial head
    origin= medial shaft humerus

insertion: olecranon fossa
fxn: prime mover extension elbow
nerve: radial

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20
Q

what is origin, insert, fxn, nerve triceps brachii?

A
  1. lateral head
    origin== lateral shaft humerus
  2. long head
    origin= infraglenoid scapula
  3. medial head
    origin= medial shaft humerus

insertion: olecranon fossa
fxn: prime mover extension elbow
nerve: radial

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21
Q

prime mover extension elbow

A

triceps brachii

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22
Q

what msucle? label

A

triceps brachii

  1. lateral head
  2. long head
  3. medial head
  4. olecranon process of ulna
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23
Q

what are two compartments of forearm

A

anterior: flexor wrist, fingers
posterior: extensor wrist, fingers

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24
Q

origin/insertion/fxn/nerve Pronator teres

A

origin:medial epicondyle
insert: shaft radius
fxn: pronation forearm
nerve: median

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25
origin/insertion/fxn/nerve flexor carpi radialis
origin: medial epicondyle insert: 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones fxn: flexion wrist/elbow nerve: median nerve
26
what is flexor retinaculum
a fibrous connective tissue band that forms the anterior roof of the carpal tunnel holds tendons in place
27
label/ what group is this?
1. medial epicondyle 2. pronator teres 3. flexor carpi radialis 4. flexor retinaculum = anterior compartment of forearm mscules
28
what is the common flexor tendon?
tendon of medial epicondyle which is common origin of anterior forearm muscles
29
what is common extensor tendon
tendon of lateral epicondyule which is common origin of posterior forearm muscles
30
describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis
intermediate layer fxn: flex digits origin: common flexor tendon insertion: phalanges (4 tendons) fxn: flexion wrist/digits (except distal phalanges). flexes MCP, PIP innervation: median
31
label. what layer of forearm muscle is this?
top: flexor digitorum superficialis bottom: tendon of FDS itnermediate!
32
describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of flexor digitorum profundus
origin: ulna insert: distl phalanges of medial 4 digits fxn: flex wrist, MCP, PIP, DIP (Prime mover) nerve: ulnar/median
33
describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of flexor pollicis longus
origin: radius insertion: distal phalanx thumb fxn: prime mover flexion thumb nerve: median
34
what is prime mover for wrist, MCP, PIP, DIP flexion?
flexor digitorum profundus
35
what is prime mover flexion thumb
flexor pollicis longus
36
label. what layer of forearm muscle is this
anterior, deep top left: flexor pollicis longus right: flexor digitorum profundus bottom; tendon of FDP
37
what compartment of forearm muscle does brachioradialis belong to
POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT BC OF INNERVATION (radial nerve)
38
describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of brachiradialis?
origin: humerus insert: styloid process radius crosses elbow anteriorly, therfore flexes elbow BUT considered posterior bc of innervation nerve: radial
39
brachioradialis
40
describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris? what compartment
posterior (superficial) origin: lateral epicondyle insert: 5th metacarpal bone fxn: extensor of wrist and ulnar deviation nerve: radial
41
describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation of extensor digitorum? what compartment
posterior (superficial) fxn: extension digits **prime mover for extension wrist and all joints of digits origin: common extensor tendon insert: middle/distal phalanges of medial 4 digits nerve: radial
42
prime mover extension wrist and digits
extensor digitorum
43
label. what compartment?
left= extensor carpi ulnaris right= extensor digitorum superficial layer posterior compartment
44
describe fxn/origin/insertion/nerve of supinator? what compartment is it
fxn: supinates forearm origin: ulna insert: shaft radius nerve: radial posterior, deep
45
describe fxn/origin/insertion/nerve of extensor pollicis longus? what compartment is it
fxn: extend thumb (prime mover) origin: shaft ulna insert: distal phalanx thumb nerve: radial
46
what is prime mover extension thumb
extensor pollicis longus
47
label. what compartment?
top= supinator bottom= extensor pollicis longus deep layer, posterior compartment of forearm
48
describe thumb adduction and abduction. what plane is it in?
sagittal. note: thumb is not in same plane as other fingers
49
describe thumb flexion/extension/ what plane?
coronal
50
what are the three groups hand muscles are divided into
thenar hypothenar central
51
describe thenar group
bulge at base of thumb origin: carpal bones insert: 1st metacarpal, middle & distal phalanges of thumb fxn: flexion, abduction, opposition of thumb nerve: median
52
describe hypothenar group
bulge base of 5th finger origin: carpal bones insert: 5th metacarpal and phalanges of 5th finger fxn: flexion, abduction, opposition 5th finger nerve: ulnar
53
describe lumbricals
4 muscles, part of central group origin: tendons of FDP insert: indirectly to middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 fxn: flexion metacarpal phalangeal and extension of PIP/DIP nerve; medial and ulnar
54
1. thenar group 2. hypothenar group 3. lumbricals
55
what muscles are these? what group? describe origin, insertion, fxn, nerve
left= palmar interossei fxn: adduction digits "PAD" right= dorsal interosseir fxn: abduction digits "DAB" origin: metacarpal bones insert: indirectly to Middle and distal phalanges of digits nerve: ulnar
56
which nerve supplies most of intrinsic muscles of hand?
ulnar
57
describe axilla
transitional area btw head/neck/chest and upper limb (axillary artery and vein and cords of the brachial plexus pass thru)
58
what is cubital fossa
transitional area btw arm and forearm The median and radial nerves as well as brachial artery are the main contents of this fossa.
59
label. what are these?
1. axilla 2. cubital fossa 3. carpal tunnel =transitional areas
60
what is this
The carpal tunnel is a fibro-osseous tunnel made by the carpal bones and the thickening of the deep fascia, the flexor retinaculum, in front of the wrist joint This tunnel contains the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, and flexor pollicis longus muscles as well as median nerve

CAPS391 Winter 2023 (29 decks)

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