Lecture 25 - Ch 15 - Biotechnology Flashcards
Produced during exponential growth
primary metabolite
Produced during stationary phase
secondary metabolite
alcohol is an example of a _____ metabolite
primary
antibiotics are ________ metabolites
secondary
the manufacture of alcoholic beverages from malted grains
brewing
alcoholic beverages made by heating previously fermented liquid to a temperature that volatilizes most of the alcohol
distilled
Use of living organisms for industrial or commercial applications
biotechnology
vaccine made of live organisms that have been made less-pathogenic
attenuated live vaccine
vaccine made of killed, fully-pathogenic organisms
inactivated killed vaccine
vaccine made of inactivated, isolated toxins
toxoid vaccine
Vaccine made by inserting genes from a pathogenic virus into a relatively harmless carrier virus
vector vaccine
vaccines that Contain only a specific protein or proteins from a pathogenic organism
subunit vaccines
Vaccine that uses the DNA of a pathogen to elicit an immune response
DNA vaccine
introduces a functional copy of a gene to treat a disease caused by a dysfunctional version of the gene
gene therapy
what hinders the production of penicillin?
glucose and nitrogen
these are produced from fungi and bacteria and can be used to make laundry detergent
enzymes
these produce high fructose syrup
amylases and glucoamylases
these are used as food additives, nutritional supplements, and starting materials
amino acids
what is added to wine to inhibit bacteria and oxidation?
sulfites
this yeast strain produces ales
top fermenting
this yeast strain produces lagers
bottom fermenting
butanol is produced by synthesis of petroleum from what?
green algae
An organism whose genome has been altered
Genetically modified organism (GMO)
Fusion of a target protein with a carrier protein facilitates _______________
protein purification
_______ was the first human protein made commercially by genetic engineering
Insulin
growth hormone that stimulates milk production in cows
Somatotropin
