Lecture 20 - Immunity (inborn) & 21 Flashcards
enzyme that Breaks down peptidoglycan
lysozyme
enzyme that is an Iron-chelator
lactoferrin
enzyme that Produces superoxide radicals
lactoperoxidase
what causes the unusual conformation in antimicrobial peptides?
cross-linking and excess proline
what are the two types of monocytes?
dendritic cells and macrophages
what are the two types of granulocytes?
neutrophils & mast cells
What are the two types of lymphocytes?
T-cell and B-cell
these are Characterized by stainable granules
neutrophils
these are Active phagocytes that do not enter tissues
neutrophils
these cells are Most often associated with allergic response
mast cells
tissue associated cells that are active in phagocytosis
macrophages
phagocytic cells that are more closely associated with presenting antigens to leukocytes
dendritic cells
what is the first response to infection?
inflammation
A group of approximately 30 soluble & membrane-bound proteins that recognizes immune complexes or cell surfaces of bacteria
Complement
which complement pathway requires an antibody?
classical pathway
marking/targeting of bacteria for destruction
opsonization
C3a is a mediator of _______
inflammation
C3b is a mediator of ________
opsonization
how do macrophages recognize microbes when they lack antibodies?
pattern recognition receptors
conserved recognition motifs are called
pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
what are the two types of bacterial killing in the phagolysosome?
oxidative and non-oxidative killing
recognizes complex of viral peptide with MHC I and kills infected cell
Cytotoxic T Cell
recognizes complex of bacterial peptide with MHC II and activates macrophage
TH1 cell
recognizes complex of antigenic peptide with MHC II and activates B cell
Helper T cell
Activates killing response in phagocytic cells
TH1 cells
Effective at killing intracellular pathogens that are phagosome-bound
TH1 cells
Stimulates innate response
TH1 cells
Activates plasma cell differentiation in response antibody-bound antigen
TH2 cells
Induces production of antibody
TH2 cells
Stimulates acquired response
TH2 cells
are soluble proteins made by B cells in response to exposure to nonself antigens
antibodies
what is another name for antibodies?
immunoglobulins
__________ consist of a heavy and light chain held together by disulfide linkages
Antibodies
what are the 4 sources of antibody diversity
1) Multiple coding seqncing segmts encoded in genome
2) Coding segments can be differentially combined
3) Variable spacing & recombination can add or delete nucleotides
4) Somatic hypermutation
which antibody isotope is Found largely on mucosal surfaces
IgA
which antibody isotope is an Effective neutralizing antibody
IgA
which antibody isotope is Found on immature B-cells
IgD
which antibody isotope is Ineffective at most functions
IgD
which antibody isotope Binds antigens and stimulates release of histamines from mast cells
IgE
which antibody isotope is Effective against parasitic worms
IgE
The central antibody of antibody-based immunity
IgG
Strong activator of opsonization and complement
IgG
Principle isotype in blood and extracellular fluid
IgG
First isotype expressed in acquired response
IgM
Can form pentamers to effectively bind large, multi-valent antigens
IgM
isotope that Cannot leave bloodstream
IgM
isotope Responsible for A/B blood typing
IgM
