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Microbiology - Biol3880 > Lecture 20 - Immunity (inborn) & 21 > Flashcards

Lecture 20 - Immunity (inborn) & 21 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

enzyme that Breaks down peptidoglycan

A

lysozyme

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2
Q

enzyme that is an Iron-chelator

A

lactoferrin

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3
Q

enzyme that Produces superoxide radicals

A

lactoperoxidase

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4
Q

what causes the unusual conformation in antimicrobial peptides?

A

cross-linking and excess proline

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5
Q

what are the two types of monocytes?

A

dendritic cells and macrophages

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6
Q

what are the two types of granulocytes?

A

neutrophils & mast cells

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7
Q

What are the two types of lymphocytes?

A

T-cell and B-cell

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8
Q

these are Characterized by stainable granules

A

neutrophils

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9
Q

these are Active phagocytes that do not enter tissues

A

neutrophils

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10
Q

these cells are Most often associated with allergic response

A

mast cells

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11
Q

tissue associated cells that are active in phagocytosis

A

macrophages

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12
Q

phagocytic cells that are more closely associated with presenting antigens to leukocytes

A

dendritic cells

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13
Q

what is the first response to infection?

A

inflammation

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14
Q

A group of approximately 30 soluble & membrane-bound proteins that recognizes immune complexes or cell surfaces of bacteria

A

Complement

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15
Q

which complement pathway requires an antibody?

A

classical pathway

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16
Q

marking/targeting of bacteria for destruction

A

opsonization

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17
Q

C3a is a mediator of _______

A

inflammation

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18
Q

C3b is a mediator of ________

A

opsonization

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19
Q

how do macrophages recognize microbes when they lack antibodies?

A

pattern recognition receptors

20
Q

conserved recognition motifs are called

A

pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)

21
Q

what are the two types of bacterial killing in the phagolysosome?

A

oxidative and non-oxidative killing

22
Q

recognizes complex of viral peptide with MHC I and kills infected cell

A

Cytotoxic T Cell

23
Q

recognizes complex of bacterial peptide with MHC II and activates macrophage

A

TH1 cell

24
Q

recognizes complex of antigenic peptide with MHC II and activates B cell

A

Helper T cell

25
Q

Activates killing response in phagocytic cells

A

TH1 cells

26
Q

Effective at killing intracellular pathogens that are phagosome-bound

A

TH1 cells

27
Q

Stimulates innate response

A

TH1 cells

28
Q

Activates plasma cell differentiation in response antibody-bound antigen

A

TH2 cells

29
Q

Induces production of antibody

A

TH2 cells

30
Q

Stimulates acquired response

A

TH2 cells

31
Q

are soluble proteins made by B cells in response to exposure to nonself antigens

A

antibodies

32
Q

what is another name for antibodies?

A

immunoglobulins

33
Q

__________ consist of a heavy and light chain held together by disulfide linkages

A

Antibodies

34
Q

what are the 4 sources of antibody diversity

A

1) Multiple coding seqncing segmts encoded in genome
2) Coding segments can be differentially combined
3) Variable spacing & recombination can add or delete nucleotides
4) Somatic hypermutation

35
Q

which antibody isotope is Found largely on mucosal surfaces

A

IgA

36
Q

which antibody isotope is an Effective neutralizing antibody

A

IgA

37
Q

which antibody isotope is Found on immature B-cells

A

IgD

38
Q

which antibody isotope is Ineffective at most functions

A

IgD

39
Q

which antibody isotope Binds antigens and stimulates release of histamines from mast cells

A

IgE

40
Q

which antibody isotope is Effective against parasitic worms

A

IgE

41
Q

The central antibody of antibody-based immunity

A

IgG

42
Q

Strong activator of opsonization and complement

A

IgG

43
Q

Principle isotype in blood and extracellular fluid

A

IgG

44
Q

First isotype expressed in acquired response

A

IgM

45
Q

Can form pentamers to effectively bind large, multi-valent antigens

A

IgM

46
Q

isotope that Cannot leave bloodstream

A

IgM

47
Q

isotope Responsible for A/B blood typing

A

IgM

Microbiology - Biol3880 (23 decks)

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