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Bio 108 > Lecture 24: Amniotes Part 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 24: Amniotes Part 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the key defining feature of Synapsids?

A

They only have one set of holes in their skull

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2
Q

What non-mammalian members are in the Synapsids?

A

Sailbacks - dimetrodon

some therapsida

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3
Q

What dose the root word -ther- mean?

A

Beast.mammal

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4
Q

How did most Synapsids walk around in early spp?

A

they had a sprawling, reptile like gait

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5
Q

what was the mode of eatting for early Synapsids

A

they were mostly predatory

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6
Q

What is the defining characteristic of Therapsids?

A

they had a enlargement of the dentary bone in the jaw

and they show development of secondary plates

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7
Q

What are the main characteristic of mammalians?

A

The movement of leftover jawbones to the middle ear

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8
Q

True or false:

Mammalian detection is far more differentiated than that of the reptilia

A

True.

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9
Q

True or false:

Mammalians have a far more diverse diet than that of the reptilia.

A

True

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10
Q

True or false:

Reptilia teeth occlude more closely than that found in the mammalians

A

False.

Mammalians teeth are more closely occluded

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of Mammalian teeth?

A

They have 2 sets of teeth over their lifespan (milk teeth and adult teeth)

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12
Q

What is the placement of extant mammals limbs?

A

More ventical placement of limbs

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13
Q

What are three major defining features of Mammalians?

A

They have hair
They are endothermic and homeothermic
they have a diaphragm

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14
Q

What are the Mammary glands of mammalians used for?

A

They are used for producing milk

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15
Q

What dose the root word _mamma- mean?

A

breast

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16
Q

What are the three major clades of extant mammals?

A 
Order Monotremata (clade with only one order)
Oder Marsuplialia (Clade with only one order) 
Clade Eutheria (has many orders)
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17
Q

When did mammals first diversify?

A

After the mass extinction event at the end of the cretaceous period.

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18
Q

What are the extant species of Monotremata?

A

1 platypus

4 echidna

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19
Q

What is the defining characteristic of Monotremata?

A

they lay eggs and provide milk to their young

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20
Q

Do Monotermata have a Cloacas?

A

Yes

21
Q

What dose the term Mono mean?

A

1

22
Q

What dose the root word -terma- mean?

A

Hole

23
Q

What is the defining features of the Theria?

A

They give birth to live young

young are nourished through the placenta initially then nursed on milk from nipples

24
Q

What is the defining feature of the Order Marsupialia?

A

The embryo crawls into the mother pouch

25
Q

What dose the root word -marsupium- mean?

A

pouch

26
Q

Do Marsupialia have a cloaca?

A

Yes

27
Q

What is the defining feature of the eutherians?

A

They are non-marsupial therians

28
Q

How do eutharia nourish their young?

A

Through the placenta until well developed.

29
Q

How do Eutharia feed their young

A

From a number of nipples

30
Q

Do Eutharia have a cloaca?

A

Nope

31
Q

Where did the Afrotheria undergo diversification?

A

in Africa

32
Q

What are the most well known Xenarthra?

A

Anteaters, sloths, armadillos

33
Q

What is the defining feature of Xenarthra?

A

They lack teeth (most of the time)

They have a extra articulation in their vertebrae

34
Q

What dose the root word -xenos- mean?

A

strange

35
Q

What is the origin of the clade Laurasiatheria?

A

The name comes from a super continent that once comprised Europe, Asia, and north America

36
Q

What is the most well known order included within Laurasiatheria?

A

Carnivora

Chiroptera

37
Q

What is the most well known member of the Order Chiroptera?

A

Bats

38
Q

What is unique about Order Chiroptera?

A

They are the only mammalians with powered flight.

39
Q

Chiroptera use ______ to augment sight

A

Sonar

40
Q

What is killing off loads of Chiroptera?

A

White nose syndrome

41
Q

are hoofed mammals included in Laurasiathera?

A

Yes they are

42
Q

Is Cetartiodactyla included in Laurasiathera?

A

Yes it is

it includes whales and dolphins

43
Q

What is the defining feature of the Order perissodactyla?

A

They are odd toed

44
Q

What is the most well known member of the order Lagomorpha?

A

Rabbits and hares

45
Q

what is the most well known member of the order Rodentia?

A

Rats and mice

46
Q

What is the largest order of mammals?

A

Rodentia

47
Q

What is the defining characteristic of rodentia?

A

They have constantly growing teeth

48
Q

What is the most well known member of the order Scandentia?

A

the tree sherws

49
Q

What is the sister taxa to scandentia?

A

Primates

Bio 108 (24 decks)

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