lecture 20 Flashcards
Deuterostomia have what characteristics of their embryos?
- radial, intermediate cleavage
- enterocoelous coelom
- blastopore dose not become mouth.
Why are Echinoderms so abundant in the fossil record?
They have calcareous endoskeletons that make them well-suited to fossilization.
What type of symmetry do echinodermata demonstrate?
They display a pentaradial symmetry as adults.
What does the root word “penta” mean?
It means 5
What is the symmetry of echonodermata larva?
They are bilaterally symmetrical
What is the leading hypothesis that conveys why echonodermata larva develop into pentaradial symmetrical organisms.
It is based off of Hox genes.
What is the basic morphological structure of Echinodermata?
They have oral and aboral sides.
They have a think epidermis that covers a endoskeleton made of ossicles.
What are ossicles?
They are small calcareous plates that make up the endoskeleton of Echinodermata.
What dose the root work -ossa- mean?
Bone
What dose the root word -echino- mean?
Spiny
What dose the root word -derm- mean?
Skin
True or false:
The Echinodermata have a unique water vascular system.
True.
Within Echinodermata, What is the network of hydraulic canals branching into extensions called?
They are called tube feet.
How do echinodermata connect to sea water?
Through madreporite.
What are madreporite?
Special porous ossicles found in echinodermata
What is the nervous structure of Echinodermata?
they have a diffuse nervous system with no defined central brain.
How do Echinodermata reproduce?
Through male and females broadcast spawning.
True or false:
Some Echinodermata brood eggs until hatching, forgoing broadcast spawning as females.
True.
What is the most well known Member of the Class Asteroidea?
The star fish
What dose the root word -aster- mean?
Star.
What are the three main phylum of Echinodermata?
Asteroidea
Crinoidea
holothuroidea
What is the defining feature of the Class Crinoidea?
They have their oral side facing up and are filter feeders.
Sea lilies, members of the Class Crinoidea are ______ and are mostly sissile.
Stalked.
True or false:
Feather stars, members of the Crinoidea lack stalks and can walk around.
True.
What is the defining feature of the Class holothuroidea?
They are secoundarily bilaterally symmetrical.
How do holothuroidea feed?
Through feeding tentacles .
What is the skeletal structure of holothuroidea?
They have scattered ossicles
What is the importance of Echinodermata?
They are used in larval cloning.
What are the four morphological synapomorphies that unite all chordates?
- ) notochord
- Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
- Pharyngeal slits/clefts
- muscular post-anal tail.
What is a synapomorphie?
a characteristic present in an ancestral species and shared exclusively (in more or less modified form) by its evolutionary descendants.
What dose the root word Noto mean?
back
What dose the root word Chord mean?
Cord
True or false:
The notochord is present in all Chordata embryos and some adults.
true.
Why is a Dorsal hollow nerve cord unique to Chordata?
Most other animals have a solid ventral nerve cord.
How is the Dorsal nerve cord devloped?
It develops from the plate of the ectoderm dorsal to nerve cord.
plate rolls into tube during emberotic development.
What dose the anterior portion of the ectoderm develop into?
The brain.
What is the function of Pharyngeal slits/clefts?
function as suspension feeding device in many invertebrate chordates.
What is unique about Chrodata muscle arrangement?
It is arranged into sentimental arranged muscle blocks
True or false:
Chordates are another segmented phylum.
True.
What is the most well known Cephalochordata?
Lancelets
What dose the root word -cephalo- mean?
Head
How do Cephalochordata feed?
They feed through suspension feeding.
What is the most well known Urochordata?
Tunicates
What kind of functionality dose adult urochordata have?
They are mostly sessile.
How do Urochordata feed?
They are filter/suspension feeders
The _______ of some groups of Urochordata have all four ________.
Tadpole Larvae
Synapomrphies.
What dose the root word -uro- mean?
Tail
Adult urochordata have a massive _____ with many slits.
Pharyngeal basket
Some species of Urochordata are _______
Planktonic
What is it called when a Urochordata stays permanently in their larval form?
Paedogenesis.
What dose the root word -paedo- mean?
Child
