Lecture 21&22 Catabolism of Ethanol - MC

Question 1

Which enzymes are primarily responsible for converting ethanol into acetaldehyde?
A) Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS)
B) Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and catalase
C) Cytochrome P450 and glycolase
D) Lactase and lipase

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What happens to acetaldehyde in the liver mitochondria?
A) It is converted into acetate by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH).
B) It is converted back into ethanol for reabsorption.
C) It forms adducts with DNA and proteins.
D) It is directly excreted from the liver.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What role does acetate play in the body after its formation from acetaldehyde?
A) It is converted into acetyl-CoA and processed in the Krebs cycle to produce energy.
B) It is stored directly as fat in the liver.
C) It is converted into glucose via gluconeogenesis.
D) It remains in the liver to detoxify further alcohols.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What is the liver’s capacity to metabolize alcohol per hour?
A) One ounce
B) Two ounces
C) Half an ounce
D) Three ounces

Answer 4

A

Question 5

What metabolic condition is primarily caused by excessive alcohol intake leading to an abundance of fatty acid formation?
A) Ketosis
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Hepatic steatosis
D) Hyperglycemia

Answer 5

C

Question 6

What potential health issue can acetaldehyde cause if it accumulates in the cytoplasm of a cell?
A) It can improve insulin sensitivity.
B) It can lead to the formation of benign tumors.
C) It can cause DNA damage and lead to illnesses such as cancer.
D) It enhances cellular regeneration and function.

Answer 6

C

Question 7

How can acetaldehyde contribute to insulin resistance?
A) By enhancing insulin secretion from the pancreas.
B) By blocking insulin receptors in cells.
C) By affecting insulin’s ability to signal within the cell.
D) By increasing the breakdown of insulin by enzymes.

Answer 7

C