Lec 33

Question 1

oral phase

Answer 1

3 pairs of salivary glands
antibacterial actions

Question 2

salivary glands are under —- control

Answer 2

autonomic–mostly parasympathetic

Question 3

swallowing reflex

Answer 3

1- tongue push bolus back of mouth, trigger swallow reflex
2- breathing is inhibited
3- food moves downward into esophagus by peristaltic waves

Question 4

gastric phase function

Answer 4

1- digestion
2- protection: protect itself with mucus and bicarbonate
3- storage: regulated release of chyme

Question 5

stomach lumen ph

Answer 5

2

Question 6

mucus and hco3- is secreted by

Answer 6

gastric mucus cells

Question 7

pepsin is active between ph

Answer 7

1.8-3.5

Question 8

pepsin start protein digestion by

Answer 8

breaking peptide bonds

Question 9

absorbable bits of carbs

Answer 9

Monosaccharides

Question 10

absorbable bits of protein

Answer 10

amino acid

Question 11

absorbable bits of lipid

Answer 11

small fatty acids

Question 12

protein in low ph is

Answer 12

denatured

Question 13

gastric mucosa

Answer 13

1- mucous surface and neck cells: mucus and bicarbonate
2- parietal cells: HCl
3- chief cells: pepsin and gastric lipase

Question 14

mucus function

Answer 14

physical barrier lumen and epithelium

Question 15

bicarbonate function

Answer 15

buffer gastric acid
prevent damage to epithelium

Question 16

HCl function

Answer 16

activate pepsin
kill bacteria

Question 17

small intestine functions

Answer 17

1- secretion
2- digestion
3- absorption

Question 18

small intestine secretion

Answer 18

1-epithelial cell: mucus, digestive enzymes(brush border)
2- pancreas: HCO3-,digestive enzyme
3- liver and gallbladder: bile

Question 19

wall of small intestine

Answer 19

1- entrocytes:nutrient absorption
2- epithelial cells: secrete ion, water
3- goblet cell: secrete mucus
4- capillaries: transport absorbed nutrients
5- lacteals:transport fat via lymph system

Question 20

in small intestine —- will divide to replace damaged cell

Answer 20

stem cell

Question 21

exocrine pancreas

Answer 21

acinar + duct cells

Question 22

acinar cells secrete

Answer 22

digestive enzyme
some inactive
some active: proteases,amylases,lipase

Question 23

duct cell

Answer 23

secrete NaHCO3: neutralize acidic chyme

Question 24

biliary secretion

Answer 24

amphypatic
non-enzymatic
Solution of bile salt, bile, cholesterol
produce by liver
diverted concentrated and stored in gallbladder

Question 25

bile salt main role

Answer 25

digestion and absorption of fats