Lec 28 Flashcards
pathway in nephron
1-bowman’s capsule
2- proximal tube
3- descending limb
4- ascending limb
5- distal tube
6- collecting duct
renal corpuscle is
glumerulus + bowman capsule
nephron is made up of —- cels
epithelial
different epithelial cell structure for diferrent regions of nephron
four processes of nephron
1- filtration – blood to nephron
2- reabsorption – lumen to blood
3- secretion – blood to lumen
4- excretion – lumen to outside of body
glomerulus in case of leaky
glomerulus is ultra leaky
how many liters per day glomerulus filter?
180 L/day
how many liters per day is excretion
1.5 L/day
what will be filtered
water
Na, K, Cl, Ca
glucose
urea
H+
creatinine
what generally will not be filtered
no RBC
no WBC
no protein
no cells
what will be reabsorbed
glucose
na
water
secretion
k+
H+
water reabsorption happen in
beginnig of collecting duct
how water reabsorption happen
vasopressin
1- insert water channel
2- insert aquaporin
–water reabsorption as needed by BP
amount of excretion formula
E = Filtered - Reabsorbed + secreted
Flitration fraction in glumerous
20% filters out
80% return via efferent arteriole
how much will be reabsorbed
more than 99%
excretion amount from what filtered
1%
podocyte
-one cell layer lining of bowman capsule
-has foot processes with a filtration slit where filtration hapeen
if protein is in what have been filtered, it shows
something is wrong
glumerular filteration rate (GFR)
vol. of fluid that filters into bowman capsule per time
GFR is influenced by
1- hydrostatic force: push (largest force)
2- osmotic pressure gradient: pull
3- fluid pressure bowman capsule: pull
osmolarity
osmotically active particles per litre of solution
ex: 1M glucose= 1 OsM glucose
ex; 1M NaCl= 1OsM Na + 1OsM Cl
membrane where osmolarity happen
semipermeable mebrane
only water can move
osmotic pressure
force that must applied to prevent osmosis
Colloid osmotic pressure gradient (pai)
osmotic pressure due to presence of proteins in plasma, but not in filtrate
Hydrostatic pressure (pH)
blood pressure
