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Bpk 205 > Lec 23 > Flashcards

Lec 23 Flashcards

1
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

Blood cell synthesis in the bone marrow

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2
Q

Hemostasis

A

blood clotting

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3
Q

blood is – percent of body weight

A

7

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4
Q

what kind of tissue is

A

connective

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5
Q

how many liters in male and female

A

5l and 4l

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6
Q

explain blood tissue compostion

A

1- watery ECM (plasma)
2- RBC (erythrocytes)
3- WBC (leukocytes)
4- Platelets

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7
Q

ecm bone vs blood

A

bone=rigid
blood=watery

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8
Q

RBC main function

A

gas transport

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9
Q

WBC main function

A

immune function

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10
Q

platelets main function

A

hemostasis

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11
Q

platelets are

A

cellular elements that used to be a giant cells
not cells

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12
Q

hematocrit

A

percentage of total blood volume that is occupied by RBC

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13
Q

hematocrit in males

A

40-54

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14
Q

hematocrit in female

A

37-47

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15
Q

plasma volume percentage

A

58%

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16
Q

white cells percentage

A

<1%

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17
Q

white cell physical function in blood

A

buffer layer
plateletes and white cells between plasma and rbc

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18
Q

whithin active bone marrow – become rbc and rest become wbc

A

25%

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19
Q

rbc lifespan

A

120 days

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20
Q

wbc lifespan

A

6-12 hours

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21
Q

—– smashes to produce platelets

A

megakaryocyte

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22
Q

hematopoietic stem cell can become

A

wbc
rbc
platelets

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23
Q

cytokines

A

proteins released from 1 cell that affect activity of others

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24
Q

cytokines involved in hematopoiesis

A

1- erythropoietin (ETO)
2- thrombopoietin (TPO)

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25
erythropoietin site of production and influence growth on
produce in kidney influence on growth rbc
26
thrombopoitenin site of production and influence growth on
produce in liver influence on growth wbc
27
hypoxia
low level O2 in arterial blood
28
hypoxia sensed by
kidney
29
hypoxia sensing by kidney reaction
1- kidney mkes EPO 2- EPO act on progenitor cell in bone marrow to produce erythropoiesis 3- increase #of rbc 4- increase O2 transporting capability
30
RBC contain
hemoglobin
31
hemoglobin has -- subunit
4
32
each subunit hemoglobin is
porphyrin ring with an iron atom in the center
33
Fe binds to
O2
34
FE binding to O2 is
cooperative
35
Anemia
low RBC count
36
result anemia
1-decreased hemoglobin content **accelerated RBC loss** reduce o2 carrying capacity **decreased RBC production**
37
accelerated RBC loss
blood loss **hemolytic anemia** RBC degradation > production
38
Anemia reasons
1- genetic (sickle cell anemia) 2- malaria
39
Decreased RBC production
**aplastic anemia** drug/radiation **dietery insufficiencies** iron/folic acid/vit B12
40
Malaria
infect normal RBC and kill it malaria cannot infect sickle cell anemia
41
hemorrhage
loss of the blood from the vessels
42
hemostasis
keeping blood inside the blood vessel
43
4 step of hemostais
1- vasoconstriction 2- platlet plugformation 3- coagulation (forming of blood) 4- dissolution of clot (fibrinolysis)
44
plateletplug formation
collagen vessel wall exposed into lumen blood cell 1-exposed collagen binds together 2- activate platelets 3- release of platelet factor 4- factor attract more platelets (positive feedback) 5- platelets aggregation into platelet plug
45
Coagulation cascade change platelet plug to
fibrous clot
46
Coagulation cascade of reactions activate enzymes leading to production of
fibrin
47
coagulation pathway kinds
1- intrinsic pathway 2- extrinsic pathway
48
intrinsic pathway
involve plasma proteins Initiated by exposure of collagen
49
extrinsic pathway
release tissue factor from damaged tissue
50
release factor is
protein and phospholipid
51
both pathways of coagulation will activate
factor X
52
factor X formation will make a positive feedback in
extrinsic pathway
53
factor x will activate
thrombin from thrombinogen
54
thrombin activate
fibrin(insoluble) from fibrinogen(soluble)
55
thrombin will make a positive feedback in
intrinsic pathway
56
active factor XIII will
produce fibrin cross-links forming mesh-like net
57
why stepwise reactions of coagulation happens
insures we make clot only when we really need clot
58
Vasoconstriction happens due to
paracrine signals from endothelium
59
blood type refers to
aantigens on rbc
60
antigens are
inherited surface proteins
61
antibodies will make against
antigens you don’t have
62
+/- sign in blood group refer to
carry rhesus (Rh) factor antigen
63
Rh- people only make anti-Rh antibodies if ----
explicitly exposed to Rh+ blood
64
universal donor is
O-
65

Bpk 205 (30 decks)

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