Lec 01 Flashcards
Physiology
1- Study of living things and how they function
2- understand how the body works, from smallest(cells) to the whole body
3- Understand how different part of the body work together
Life physiology
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Organisms
Homeostasis
CONSTANCY
The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
Homeostasis vs Equilibrium
Not the same
Homeostasis is dynamic steady-state
Negative feedback loops
Output offset stimulus
Feedback reduces the difference between the desired set point and the actual value to regain homeostasis
Positive feedback loop
Feedback increases the difference between the normal set point and the actual value. Moves the system away from homeostasis
Positive feedback example
Stimulus:
Baby head presses on cervix
Sensor:
Stretch receptors in cervix
Integrating center:
Brain releasing oxytocin
Effector:
Smooth muscles of uterus
Response:
Contraction
Feedforward Control
Not - or + feedback
Response in anticipation of the initiative salivation or digestion
Body organ systems
1-circulatory
2-digestive
3-endocrine
4-immune
5-integumentary
6-musculoskeletal
7-nervous
8-reproductive
9-respiratory
10-urinary
Organ systems definition
A collection of parts that work together in a predictable way to achieve a common function.
Lumen
Interior of hollow organs
Cytoplasm
Interior of cells
Between ECF & ICF
Plasma membrane
Around nucleus
Nuclear envelope
Body fluids portion
2/3 ICF
1/3 ECF
