Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Lec 30 Endocrine System > Flashcards

Lec 30 Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

describe the negative feedback mechanism

A

hormone level decreases -> secretion of hormone inc -> hormone level inc -> glands stop secreting hormone (since there is now enough)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where is the pituitary gland located?

A

interior surface of brain
attached to hypothalamus
surrounded by wall of willis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the structure of the pituitary gland?

A

2 distinct lobes -> adenohypophysis, neurohypophysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the difference between adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis?

A 
adenohypophysis -
no storage, production instead.
anterior
glanduar portion (produces)
produces and secretes 6 major hormones
neurohypophysis
posterior
storage
nervous portion
stores and releases 2 hormones by hypothalamus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the hormones secreted by the pituitary?

A

growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, adreonocroticotropic hormone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, oxytoxin, antidiuretic hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the action of growth hormones?

A

increases protein synthesis & mitosis

regulates growth of most cells of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the action of ACTH?

A

controls secretions of hormones of the adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the action of luteinizing hormone?

A

plays role in ovulation

stimulates secretion of sex hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the action of prolactin?

A

secretion of milk from mammary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the action of oxytocin?

A

stimulates uterine contractions

promotes milk ejection from breast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the action of antidiuretic hormone?

A

affects permeability of the kidney tubules to reduce the excretion of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which 2 hormones secreted by the pituitary is made in the hypothalamus

A

oxytocin and ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is the thyroid gland located?

A

anterior neck inferior to larynx

surrounds anterior and lateral aspect of trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what hormones are secreted by the thyroid gland

A

throxine (T4), triiodothromine(T3), calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the structure of throxine and triiodothyromine?

A

2 lobes connected by an isthmus, may contain pyramidal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the effect of the thyroxine and triiodothyromine glands?

A

regulates metabolic rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the structure of calcitonin?

A

cuboidal cells - hormone production

follicles - store hormones

18
Q

what effect does calcitonin have?

A

regulates osteoclast activity and lowers blood calcium levels

19
Q

where is the parathyroid gland located?

A

embedded on posterior side of thyroid gland

20
Q

where is the site of action for the parathyroid gland?

A

osteoclast in bone, kidney, intestine

21
Q

what is the effect of the parathyroid gland?

A

increase in blood calcium levels

22
Q

where are the adrenal glands located?

A

superior pole of the kidneys

23
Q

what hormones are secreted by the adrenal glands?

A

androgens (estrogen / progesterone)
epinephrine
aldosterone (mineracorticoid)
cortisol hydrocortison (a glucocorticod)

24
Q

where is the site of action of aldosterone?

A

kidney tubules

25
Q

what is the effect of aldosterone?

A

regulates Na & K levels

26
Q

what is the effect of cortisol hydrocortison?

A

prevent/ reduces inflammation

27
Q

what hormone do beta and alpha cells secrete?

A

beta - insulin

alpha - glucagon

28
Q

which part of the pancreas contains the beta and alpha cells?

A

endocrine

29
Q

where is the site of action for exocrine cells?

A

ducts

30
Q

what is the effect of beta cells vs alpha cells?

A

beta cells regulate transport of glucose into cells

alpha cells convert glycogen into glucose

31
Q

what hormone does the pineal gland secrete?

A

melatonin

32
Q

what does ACTH stand for?

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

33
Q

what does TSH stand for?

A

thyroid stimulating hormone

34
Q

what is the difference between prolactin and oxytocin?

A

prolactin produces milk, oxytocin ejects milk

35
Q

which 2 hormones in the pituitary stimulate sex hormone secretion?

A

follicle stimulating

lutenizing hormone

36
Q

what is the effect of the thyroid gland?

A

regulates basal metabolic rate

37
Q

where is the site of action for thyroid gland?

A

most cells

38
Q

where is site of action for calcitonin?

A

bones

39
Q

which hormones of the adrenal gland are made in the cortex?

A

androgens, aldosterone, cortisol hydrocortison

40
Q

which hormone of the adrenal glands are made in the medulla?

A

epinephrine

41
Q

what is the inner portion and outer portion of the adrenal glands?

A

inner - medulla

outer - cortex

Anatomy (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions