Lec 16 Nervous System IV - Brain

Question 1

What is the human brain composed of?

Answer 1

1. cerebral hemisphere
2. Brain Stem
3. Cerebellum

Question 2

what is the cerebellum responsible for?

Answer 2

writing, control

Question 3

what is the corpus collosum?

Answer 3

a large fiber bundle connecting one cerebral hemisphere with the other, allowing transfer of info.

Question 4

What composes the anatomy of the cerebrum?

Answer 4

gray matter and white matter

Question 5

What is Gray Matter and white matter? What are the differences?

Answer 5

Gray matter = neurons, they contain neuron CELL BODIES
they have gyri and sulci

White matter = Fibers. Axons, most of which are myelinated.

Question 6

What is the difference between gyri and sulci?

Answer 6

gyri = ridges
sulci = grooves

Question 7

what are the different lobes of the cerebrum and what are they responsible for?

Answer 7

frontal lobe - motor in function
parietal lobe - sensory
temporal lobe - auditory
occipital - visual
insula - deep to lateral sulcus, integrates nervous activity

Question 8

What are Brodmann’s areas? list them and describe their functions, and where they are located.

Answer 8

they are specific areas of the cerebral cortex that are responsible for certain functions or activities.

primary motor area: 4. where movement begins, precentral

primary sensor area: 3,1,2 - perception of sensory impulses - postcentral, parietal

area for hearing (41,42)

visual area: 17,18,19

Broca’s area: 44,45 - speech center

Wernicke’s area: 22 - temporal. composing the written word. [Wernicke writes]

Question 9

Which 2 major pairs of blood vessels is the BRAIN supplied by?

Answer 9

internal carotid

vertebral arteries

Question 10

What is the Circle of Willis? where is it located?

Answer 10

branches of the 2 major blood vessels (internal carotid, vertebral arteries) unite to form the circle of willis
it is located on the inferior surface of the brain.

Question 11

What are the two major branches of the internal carotid and the areas supplied by these vessels?

Answer 11

middle cerebral artery - supplies LATERAL surface of cerebrum.

anterior cerebral artery - supplies MEDIAL surface of the cerebrum.

Question 12

what part of the body is the middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery responsible for?

Answer 12

upper limb - middle cerebral artery

lower limb - anterior cerebral artery

Question 13

what are the dural venous sinuses?

Answer 13

veins draining brain empty into folds of dura

Question 14

where is blood carried to after draining into the dural venous sinuses?

Answer 14

the internal jugular vein

Question 15

where is CSF produced?

Answer 15

cavities in the brain called ventricles

Question 16

what is the choriod plexus responsible for?

Answer 16

secreting and producing CSF

Question 17

what are arachnoid granulations?

Answer 17

where the CSF travels through

Question 18

What is the path the CSF takes?

Answer 18

Lateral ventricle (choroid plexus)
Third ventricle (choroid plexus)
Cerebral aqueduct (narrowest)
Fourth ventricle (choroid plexus)
Subarachnoid space (surrounding brain and spinal cord)