Lec 10 - Muscle Histology

Question 1

what are the characteristics of muscle? [ICEE]

Answer 1

irritability
contractility
extensibility
elasticity

Question 2

what are the classifications of muscle?

Answer 2

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Question 3

which muscles are voluntary and multinucleated?

Answer 3

skeltal

Question 4

which muscles are involuntary and found in the GI tract?

Answer 4

smooth

Question 5

which muscle is found only in the heart

Answer 5

cardiac

Question 6

which connective tissues bind muscles to bone

Answer 6

tendons and aponeurosis

Question 7

which CT binds several muscle groups together

Answer 7

fascia

Question 8

which surrounds the entire muscle

Answer 8

epimysium

Question 9

what is the perimysium

Answer 9

surrounds bundles of muscle fibers

Question 10

what are fascicles

Answer 10

bundles of muscle fibers

Question 11

what is the endomysium

Answer 11

loose CT that covers individual muscle fibers

Question 12

what is the sarcoplasm

Answer 12

cytoplasm

Question 13

what is the sarcolemma

Answer 13

cell membrane

Question 14

what does the t-tubule do

Answer 14

excites muscle.

tube like extension of sacrolemma which transmits nerve impulses to sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

what is the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 15

smooth ER that releases calcium during muscle contraction

Question 16

what are myofibrils?

Answer 16

cylindrical units that run entire length of muscle fiber

Question 17

what are myofilaments

Answer 17

found in myofibrils, composed of actin (thin) and myosin (thick)

Question 18

what makes up the sarcomere?

Answer 18

myofilaments

Question 19

where are actin filaments found on the sarcomere?

Answer 19

end

Question 20

what makes up the center of the sarcomere

Answer 20

myosin filaments

Question 21

when muscles contract, what happens to sarcomere?

Answer 21

shortens

Question 22

what is the all or nothing principle

Answer 22

when a nerve impise travels through a motor unit, ALL fibers contract simultaneously to their max

Question 23

what are two types of muscle fibers?

Answer 23

red slow twitch and white fast twitch

Question 24

which type of muscle fibers have aerobic respiration

Answer 24

red slow twitch

Question 25

which muscles are fatigue resistant?

Answer 25

red slow twitch fibers

Question 26

which muscles fatigue quickly?

Answer 26

white fast twitch

Question 27

what are some examples of red slow twitch fibers?

Answer 27

postural muscles, especially lower back.

Question 28

what are some examples of white fast twitch fibers

Answer 28

muscles of upper limbs, lifting, throwing

Question 29

what are synergistic muscles

Answer 29

muscles that contract to accomplish a similar movement

Question 30

what are 2 types of contraction

Answer 30

concentric and eccentric

Question 31

flexion of the arm is an example of which muscle contraction?

Answer 31

concentric