Learning Assignments Flashcards
Which of the following factors makes the neonate more prone to problems of dehydration and acidosis?
Immature kidneys which cannot concentrate urine
What is the fluid maintenance requirement per day for a child weighing 17 kg?
1350 mL
A mother asks the nurse when she can stop worrying about the “soft spot” on the front of her baby’s head. What time frame does the nurse indicate that the anterior fontanel will close?
12-18 months
A nurse is caring for an infant who will soon eat solid foods. Th nurse should inform the parents that which of the following foods should be introduced into an infants diet 1st?
Iron fortified rice cereal
A 6 month old is weighed at his well child check-up. When the mother asks if his weight is normal, the nurses best response is which of the following?
His weight should be approximately two times his birth weight at 6 months
Which parental behaviors would facilitate an infants trust?
Maintaining eye contact and talking with the baby
The pediatric safe dosage range for Tylenol is which of the following?
10-15 mg/kg/dose not to exceed 5 doses in 24 H
The causes of fluid depletion in children include which of the following? (SATA)
Vomiting, Burns, Fever, Diarrhea
Which of the following lab results indicate fluid depletion in a child?
Increase BUN, Increase HCT, Increase NA++
The treats to newborn health due to maternal tobacco use includes which of the following? (SATA)
Increased risk of learning deficits, Risk of SIDS, Birth weight deficits
The nurse is teaching about Reye’s Syndrome associated with Chicken Pox. Which of the following meds should be avoided?
ASA
Which of the following immunizations is generally given prior to a newborn leaving the hospital?
Hep B
Which development is necessary for toilet training readiness for a 2 year old? (SATA)
Wakes up with a dry diaper in the AM, Ability to communicate the need to use the toilet, Ability to pull pants up and down w/o assistance
Poison control should only be called when there is a known ingestion of a poison.
FALSE
Toddlers are in which stage of Erickson’s growth and development?
autonomy v. shame and doubt
While examining an infant, you notice dried white patches in the mouth. The nurse knows the difference in candidacies and dried milk is which of the following?
dried milk can be removed with a tongue blade
Which of the following is a contraindication to vaccinations? (SATA)
Fever, Immunocompromised, Allergic reaction
Scarlet fever may follow which of the following?
Untreated strep infection
Which of the following are live vaccines? (SATA)
Rotavirus, MMR, Varicella
The mother of a pre-schooler tells the nurse that her daughter has an imaginary playmate. The best response by the nurse would be which of the following?
“you should accept the imaginary friend, and use the name your child uses when referring to this friend.”
During a well child check the nurse is taking a 4 year olds BP. Which comment by the nurse is developmentally appropriate to elicit the child’s cooperation?
“This hug’s your arm and measures your muscles.”
The nurse anticipates the respiratory assessment of an 8 year old admitted with asthma to reveal which of the following symptoms?
Wheezing on expiration
The most common test used to diagnosis cystic fibrosis is which of the following?
Prenatal DNA of amniotic fluid
Which of the following vitamins cannot be absorbed in the body with cystic fibrosis and must be admin to the child? (SATA)
A, E, D, K
The most common symptom associated with asthma?
expiratory wheeze
The 1st med admin with mild asthma?
albuterol inhaler
Which of the following vaccines is associated with a decrease in incidence of epiglottis?
HIB
What is the most common virus associated with bronchiolitis?
RSV
What is the common name for acute tracheobronchitis?
croup
The nurse is caring for a NB with a cleft lip and palate. The mother states “i will not be able to breastfeed my baby.” Best nursing response?
“Usually breastfeeding is still an option for babies with a cleft lip and palate. Would you like more info?”
The mother of a 2-year-old diagnosed with celiac disease asks which foods are gluten-free. Which food does the nurse recommend as being an appropriate food?
rice
A 10-year-old is being evaluated for possible appendicitis. The child vomits, finds the pain relieved, and calls the nurse. Which action should the nurse donext?
Immediately notify the DR of the child’s status
What meal for a school age child with celiac diseasedoes the nurse give the child?
Baked chicken and corn tortilla
what type of stools would the nurse expect to see from a child withHirschsprung’s disease?
ribbon-like
The nurse is aware that the most common place to assess for appendicitis is:
at McBurney’s point
Gastrointestinalanatomical differences seen in childhood include:
smaller stomach capacity
Which test is indicated when a 3 year-old child complains of anal itching, scratching constantly, and seems more irritable than usual?
scotch tape test
The most common cause of diarrhea in a child is which of the following?
Rotavirus
Which of the following is the treatment for vomiting in children?
no specific treatment unless complications occur
Urinary tract infections are more common in girls than boys.
TRUE
Which of the following would you expect to be the normal fluid output in a child?
1 mL/kg/H
Which of the following are included in the HUS triad?
Anemia, renal failure, and thrombocytopenia
Which of the following are the classic symptoms of nephrotic syndrome?
edema, hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria, hyperlipidemia
Acute glomerulonephritis commonly occurs after which of the following untreated infections?
strep
Hemolytic uremic syndrome is commonly associated with which of the following?
E. Coli
Which of the following is the most important instruction given to caregivers of a child with a Wilm’s Tumor?
DO NOT PALPATE THE ABD
A wilm’s tumor is most commonly found during which of the following activities?
bathing
Which of the following lunch trays would be best choice for a kid with CKD?
Grilled chicken breast, mashed potatoes, lima beans, 8 oz milk
Decreased pulmonary blood flow?
Tricuspid Atresia (TA) and Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
Components of TOF?
Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, and right ventricular hypertrophy
most common congenital heart defect in kids
VSD
Initial treatment for post cardiac cath bleeding?
Apply pressure above surgical site and ask another nurse to phone the HCP
Assist with the closure of the ductus arteriosus?
indomethacin
You are assessing a 4 mo infant who has meningitis. Which of the following CM should the nurse expect?
High pitched cry
You should include that the intro of which of the following vaccines decreased the incidence of bacterial meningitis in kids? (SATA)
Hib & PCV vax
What is the priority action for a nurse when caring for a kid experiencing a generalized seizure?
Position the kid in a side lying position
What are findings of an increased ICP?
Alteration in pupillary response, increased sleep, report of HA.
What are some symptoms of DMT1 (hypoglycemia)? (SATA)
irritability, hunger, and sweating and pallor
High Na+ & uncontrolled diuresis =
low Na+ & fluid retention =
DI
SIADH
Flexion of extremities occurring with deliberate flexion of kids neck =
brudzinski sign
resistance pf extension of the kids legs from a flexed position =
kerning sign
arms and wrist inward on chest =
backward arch of legs and arms =
flexion
extension
1st sign of DI
bedwetting
What test is done for a kid with DMT1 to determine how all the kids DM is being managed?
HgA1C
Gold standard treatment for scoliosis =
bracing
CM of osteogenesis imperfecta =
hypo plastic discolored teeth, blue sclera, and fragile bones susceptible to breaks
Genu Valgum =
Genu Varum =
knock knees
bow legs
convex curvature of spine
kyphosis
cervical or lumbar curve of spine
lordosis
lateral curve of spine
scoliosis
Most common place for a fx in a kid
growth plate
Ischemia indications =
paralysis, pulselessness, pain, paresthesia, and pallor
Your patient has an order for Ampicillin 192 mg IV every 6 hrs for a streptococcal infection. The pediatric safe dosage is 50-200 mg/kg/day in3 divided doses. What is the safe dose range for your child that weighs 3.8 kg?
63-253 mg
You have an order for 192 mg po every 8 hours. You have on hand from the pharmacy 500 mg in 10 mL. How many mL will you administer? Round to tenths
3.8 mL
The provider orders a 250 mL fluid bolus to infuse over 30 min. The infusion pump runs mL/hr. What is the correct rate to set the infusion pump?
500 mL/H
You have the following medication order: Acetaminophen 15 mg/kg po q 6 hours. Your child weighs 8 kg. How many mg of Acetaminophen will you administer?
120 mg
Started a unit of PRBC’s, 5 M later kid is shivering with a 101 temp, what is the initial action?
stop transfusion
Most common cancer in kids?
leukemia
Hodgkin lymphoma =
non-hodgkin lymphoma =
adolescence and young adults
younger than 14 yo
Decreased RBC production:
aplastic anemia, malignancy, and iron deficiency
MVC =
MCH =
MVC = size and volume of 1 RBC MCH = measure the hemoglobin
Interventions for SCD?
IV NS 1000mL bolus, morphine 4mg IV push now and 4 mg IV push every 4H for pain, and O2 2L/M
Mom ask about the chance of next kid getting sickle cell anemia?
25% chance. Every pregnancy there is a 25% chance that the kid will have SCD.
Priority care for kid who comes in complaining of thigh pain and there is no signs of injury?
IV replacement of Factor VIII
Risk factors of VOC?
infection, changes in altitude, and cold climate
S/S of ITP?
Bleeding from mucus membranes, easy bruising, and petechiae
