Exam 2 Blueprint MS

Question 1

what are the different types of fractures?

Answer 1

Bend (plastic deformation)
Buckle (torus fracture)
Greenstick fracture
Complete fracture

Question 2

what is a bend fracture?

Answer 2

(Plastic deformation) = ulna and fibula when there is a fracture in the radius and tibia.

Question 3

what is a buckle fracture?

Answer 3

(torus fracture) = protrusion at the fracture site – usually by the epiphysis

Question 4

what is a greenstick fracture?

Answer 4

compressed side bed and makes the opposite side split – incomplete fracture (common in babies and little kids)

Question 5

what is a complete fracture?

Answer 5

bone is completely broken but may be held together with periosteal hinge.

Question 6

what is the most common fracture in kids?

Answer 6

growth plate

Question 7

what is traction?

Answer 7

resist the response of the muscle, immobilization, alignment, and prevent contracture

Question 8

what are the different types of skin traction?

Answer 8

Bryant, Buck, and Russell.

Question 9

what is bryant skin traction?

Answer 9

hip dysplasia, weights holding straight up, legs held straight up with weights hanging from them.

Question 10

what is bucks skin traction?

Answer 10

femoral fractures, weights at the end of bed. 90-90 – bucky boot, hip and knee at 90-degree angles.

Question 11

what is Russell skin traction?

Answer 11

femoral fracture, knee in sling and weight on foot, uses a bucky boot.

Question 12

what is skeletal traction?

Answer 12

cervical, 90-90, external fixators, halo (cage around head and neck, bolter into their head and skull)

Question 13

what is manual traction?

Answer 13

cast application and closed reduction performed.

Question 14

what is important to know about osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)?

Answer 14

“brittle bone” disease (multiple types)

Clinical features include fragile bones, deformity, fractures, blue sclerae, hearing loss, hypoplastic, discolored teeth.

Care given to protect from fracture, may be mistaken for abuse

Biphosphate therapy with IV pamidronate to promote density

Question 15

what are the goals to prevent OI?

Answer 15

contractures, muscle weakness, malalignment.

Question 16

what are the types of OI?

Answer 16

I, II, III, IV, V- XIX.

Question 17

What is type 1 and 2 OI?

Answer 17

Type I: mildest form, most common; fractures but no bone deformities (best kind to have)

Type II: most severe, babies often do not survive birth due to fractures, inability to breathe (worst kind to have)

Question 18

what is types III-XIX OI?

Answer 18

Type III: broken bones at birth, severe physical disabilities

Type IV: bones break easily, 1st is often before puberty; mild to moderate bone deformities (like type 1)

Types V-XIX: varying degrees, very similar, far less common