GI Dysfunction – Acquired, Inflammatory, Malabsorption disordersexam 1

Question 1

what is GER?

Answer 1

GER: transfer of gastric contents into the esophagus

Question 2

what is GERD?

Answer 2

tissue damage from GER

Poor weight gain
Esophagitis
Persistent respiratory symptoms or complications

Question 3

What symptoms could you see with Reflux?

Answer 3

Spitting up or vomiting
Excessive crying
Arching of the back
Cough, wheeze, stridor, gag
Bloody emesis
Apnea
Difficulty swallowing
Chest pain
Heartburn

Question 4

What is the treatment for GERD?

Answer 4

Depends on severity
Avoid foods that intensify reflux (citrus, caffeine, lactose, etc.)  breastfeeding moms need to avoid these!
Weight control
Small frequent meals
Thickened feeds
Elevate HOB for 1 hour after feed
PPI’s-omeprazole, H2 receptor inhibitors-ranitidine
Surgical management-nissen fundoplication

Question 5

what is the patho for appendicitis?

Answer 5

Inflammation of vermiform appendix (blind sac at end of cecum)

Question 6

What are the CMs for appendicitis and how is it confirmed?

Answer 6

Most intense pain at McBurney point (halfway between the hipbone and belly button)

Confirmed: CBC, UA (rule-out UTI), WBC >10,000/mm, CRP (left shift – bands- indicating inflammation)

CT > Abx > lap surgery

Question 7

what is the patho for celiac?

Answer 7

Gluten-sensitive enteropathy: immunologic disorder resulting in an intolerance to gluten
Chronic malabsorption syndrome
Genetic factor

Question 8

what is the CMs for celiac?

Answer 8

Abdominal distention, vomiting
Anorexia, muscle wasting
Diarrhea with a foul odor

Question 9

What is the patho of short bowel syndrome (short gut syndrome)?

Answer 9

Decreased mucosa resulting from extensive resection of the small intestine, resulting from:
Congenital anomalies (jejunal and ileal atresia, gastroschisis)
Ischemia (NEC)
Trauma (volvulus-twisting on itself)

Dramatic improvement w/TPN
Transplantation