Lab Test: Nut. Assessment

Question 1

albumin

normal range: ?

decreased: nephrotic syndrome, PEM, PTB, cancer, burns, prolonged fever, infections

increased: dehydration

Answer 1

3.5-5.5 g/dL

Question 2

alkaline phosphatase

normal range: ?

decreased: hypoparathyroidism, low K diet, low dietary vitamin C, scurvy, celiac disease, excess vit. D, malnutrition, pernicious anemia, renal insufficiency

increased: liver and bone diseases, CHF, peptic ulcer/ulcerative colitis, hyperparathyroidism, calcium deficiency

Answer 2

20-72 u/L

Question 3

ammonia

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: liver disease

Answer 3

<50 ug/dL

Question 4

ascorbic acid

normal range: ?

decreased: vit. c deficiency, scurvy

increased: oxalate stone/elevated uric acid

Answer 4

0.2-1.5 mg/dL

Question 4

bilirubin, total

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: hepatitis, biliary obstruction, drug toxicity, hemolytic disease, prolonged fasting

Answer 4

<0.1-0.3 mg/dL

Question 5

bicarbonate

normal range: ?

decreased: diabetic ketosis, starvation, lactic acidosis, diarrhea with co2 loss, renal failure

increased: metabolic alkalosis, protracted vomiting with K+ loss, heart failure, edema

Answer 5

24-30 mq/L

Question 6

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

normal range: ?

decreased: hepatic failure, nephrosis, acute low protein intake, malabsorption

increased: GI bleeding, inadequate dialysis, malignancy, fever, hypercatabolism

Answer 6

5-25 mg/dL

Question 8

calcium

normal range: ?

decreased: renal disease, hypoparathyroidism, chronic rickets, sprue/celiac disease, malabsorption

increased: hyperparathyroidism, multiple myeloma, osteolytic disease, immobilization, excess vitamin D

Answer 8

8.5-10.5 mg/dL

Question 9

chlorides

normal range: ?

decreased: diabetic acidosis, k deficiency, addison’s disease

increased: renal insufficiency, nephrosis, fevers, dehydration

Answer 9

100-106 mEq/L

Question 10

creatinine

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: muscle catabolism, myocardial infarction, acute/chronic renal disease, use of cephalothin, ibuprofen

Answer 10

0.7-1.5 mg/dL

Question 11

c-reactive protein (CRP)

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: bacterial infectious diseases, inflammatory disorders, acute injury

Answer 11

<1.0 mg/dL

Question 12

ferritin

normal range: ?

decreased: iron deficiency

increased: iron overload, transfusion, dehydration

Answer 12

30-250 mg/dL

Question 13

globulin

normal range: ?

decreased: malnutrition

increased: infections, liver disease, leukemia, hyperlipidemia

Answer 13

2.3-3.5 g/dL

Question 14

glucose

normal range: ?

decreased: hyperinsulinemia, pancreatic tumors, liver disease, pituitary dysfunction, malnutrition

increased: diabetes mellitus, pancreatic dysfunction, hyperthyroidism, malignancies, burns, cushing’s disease

Answer 14

70-100 g/dL

Question 15

hematocrit

normal range: ?

decreased: anemia (sickle cell & iron deficiency), blood loss, uremia, vitamins b & c deficiency

increased: polycythemia vera, severe pancreatitis, dehydration

Answer 15

females: 37-47%

males: 45-52%

Question 16

hemoglobin

normal range: ?

decreased: prolonged iron deficiency, blood loss

increased: polycythemia vera, dehydration, chronic hypoxia, chronic lung disease, transplant rejection

Answer 16

females: 13.5-15 g/dL

males: 14-16 g/dL

Question 17

iron

normal range: ?

decreased: iron deficiency cirrhosis

increased: iron overload, hemolytic anemia, acute hepatitis, estrogen therapy

Answer 17

40-160 ug/dL

Question 18

lipase

normal range: ?

decreased: pancreas “burn-out”

increased: acute pancreatitis, biliary tract infection, renal disease

Answer 18

1.5 IU/mL

Question 19

lymphocyte count

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: malnutrition, impaired immune function

Answer 19

1500-4000/mm3

Question 20

magnesium

normal range: ?

decreased: PEM, malabsorption, diarrhea, vomiting, diabetic acidosis, CHF, renal failure w/o oliguria, hypercalcemia, pancreatitis

increased: oliguric renal failure, dehydration

Answer 20

1.4-2.3 mEq/L

Question 21

mean corpuscular volume

normal range: ?

decreased: chronic diseases, iron deficiency, polycythemia, lead poisoning, congenital spherocytosis

increased: macrocytic anemia/folate deficiency

Answer 21

81-100 ug

Question 22

phosphorus

normal range: ?

decreased: vitamin d deficiency, hyperinsulinism, hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia

increased: renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, nephritis, bone diseases

Answer 22

2.4-4.5 mg/dL

Question 23

potassium

normal range: ?

decreased: diuretic therapy, vomiting, diarrhea, malabsorption, hypomagnesemia, cushing syndrome, laxative abuse

increased: renal insufficiency, tissue catabolism, circulatory failure shock, addison’s disease, acidosis, dehydration hyperglycemia

Answer 23

3.5-5.0 mEq/L