Lab Test: Nut. Assessment Flashcards by isabelle

albumin

normal range: ?

decreased: nephrotic syndrome, PEM, PTB, cancer, burns, prolonged fever, infections

increased: dehydration

3.5-5.5 g/dL

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alkaline phosphatase

normal range: ?

decreased: hypoparathyroidism, low K diet, low dietary vitamin C, scurvy, celiac disease, excess vit. D, malnutrition, pernicious anemia, renal insufficiency

increased: liver and bone diseases, CHF, peptic ulcer/ulcerative colitis, hyperparathyroidism, calcium deficiency

20-72 u/L

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ammonia

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: liver disease

<50 ug/dL

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ascorbic acid

normal range: ?

decreased: vit. c deficiency, scurvy

increased: oxalate stone/elevated uric acid

0.2-1.5 mg/dL

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bilirubin, total

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: hepatitis, biliary obstruction, drug toxicity, hemolytic disease, prolonged fasting

<0.1-0.3 mg/dL

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bicarbonate

normal range: ?

decreased: diabetic ketosis, starvation, lactic acidosis, diarrhea with co2 loss, renal failure

increased: metabolic alkalosis, protracted vomiting with K+ loss, heart failure, edema

24-30 mq/L

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blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

normal range: ?

decreased: hepatic failure, nephrosis, acute low protein intake, malabsorption

increased: GI bleeding, inadequate dialysis, malignancy, fever, hypercatabolism

5-25 mg/dL

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calcium

normal range: ?

decreased: renal disease, hypoparathyroidism, chronic rickets, sprue/celiac disease, malabsorption

increased: hyperparathyroidism, multiple myeloma, osteolytic disease, immobilization, excess vitamin D

8.5-10.5 mg/dL

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chlorides

normal range: ?

decreased: diabetic acidosis, k deficiency, addison’s disease

increased: renal insufficiency, nephrosis, fevers, dehydration

100-106 mEq/L

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creatinine

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: muscle catabolism, myocardial infarction, acute/chronic renal disease, use of cephalothin, ibuprofen

0.7-1.5 mg/dL

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c-reactive protein (CRP)

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: bacterial infectious diseases, inflammatory disorders, acute injury

<1.0 mg/dL

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ferritin

normal range: ?

decreased: iron deficiency

increased: iron overload, transfusion, dehydration

30-250 mg/dL

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globulin

normal range: ?

decreased: malnutrition

increased: infections, liver disease, leukemia, hyperlipidemia

2.3-3.5 g/dL

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glucose

normal range: ?

decreased: hyperinsulinemia, pancreatic tumors, liver disease, pituitary dysfunction, malnutrition

increased: diabetes mellitus, pancreatic dysfunction, hyperthyroidism, malignancies, burns, cushing’s disease

70-100 g/dL

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hematocrit

normal range: ?

decreased: anemia (sickle cell & iron deficiency), blood loss, uremia, vitamins b & c deficiency

increased: polycythemia vera, severe pancreatitis, dehydration

females: 37-47%

males: 45-52%

hemoglobin

normal range: ?

decreased: prolonged iron deficiency, blood loss

increased: polycythemia vera, dehydration, chronic hypoxia, chronic lung disease, transplant rejection

females: 13.5-15 g/dL

males: 14-16 g/dL

iron

normal range: ?

decreased: iron deficiency cirrhosis

increased: iron overload, hemolytic anemia, acute hepatitis, estrogen therapy

40-160 ug/dL

lipase

normal range: ?

decreased: pancreas “burn-out”

increased: acute pancreatitis, biliary tract infection, renal disease

1.5 IU/mL

lymphocyte count

normal range: ?

decreased: -

increased: malnutrition, impaired immune function

1500-4000/mm3

magnesium

normal range: ?

decreased: PEM, malabsorption, diarrhea, vomiting, diabetic acidosis, CHF, renal failure w/o oliguria, hypercalcemia, pancreatitis

increased: oliguric renal failure, dehydration

1.4-2.3 mEq/L

mean corpuscular volume

normal range: ?

decreased: chronic diseases, iron deficiency, polycythemia, lead poisoning, congenital spherocytosis

increased: macrocytic anemia/folate deficiency

81-100 ug

phosphorus

normal range: ?

decreased: vitamin d deficiency, hyperinsulinism, hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia

increased: renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, nephritis, bone diseases

2.4-4.5 mg/dL

potassium

normal range: ?

decreased: diuretic therapy, vomiting, diarrhea, malabsorption, hypomagnesemia, cushing syndrome, laxative abuse

increased: renal insufficiency, tissue catabolism, circulatory failure shock, addison’s disease, acidosis, dehydration hyperglycemia

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

protein, total normal range: ? decreased: malnutrition, malabsorption, cirrhosis, steatorrhea, edema, nephrotic syndrome, chronic illnesses increased:

6.8-4 g/dl

prothrombin time normal range: ? decreased: none increased: liver disease

10-13 seconds

red blood cells (erythrocytes) decreased: anemia, hemorrhage, chronic infectious diseases, iron deficiency increased: polycythemia, dehydration, reduced plasma volume

4.5-5 million/mm3

reticulocyte count decreased: none increased: reflects bone marrow activity

25,000 to 75,000 cells

SGOT/aspartate transaminase normal range: ? decreased: pyridoxine deficiency, beriberi, possibly chronic dialysis increased: burns, trauma, myocardial infarct, cirrhosis, neoplastic disease, infections

0-43 u/dl

SGPT/alanine transaminase normal range: ? decreased: none increased: cirrhosis, hepatitis, neoplastic disease

1-21 u/l

sodim normal range: ? decreased: diabetic, acidosis, addison's disease, diarrhea, burns, starvation, adrenal insufficiency, nephritis, hyperglycemia, hyperproteinemia increased: dehydration, diabetes insipidus, steroid therapy

139-144 eq/l

total iron binding capacity normal range: ? decreased: cirrhosis, malnutrition, collagen disease, chronic disease/infection, iron overload increased: chronic iron deficiency, pregnancy, alcoholism, acute hepatitis

250-425 mg/dl

transferrin saturation normal range: ? decreased: absolute or relative iron deficit increased: hemolytic, megaloblastic and sideroblastic anemia, iron overload

20-50%

triglycerides normal range: ? decreased: malnutrition, malabsorption increased: liver disease, gout, pancreatitis, diabetes, steroid use, nephrotic syndrome

40-150 mg/dl

uric acid normal range: ? decreased: high doses of salicylates, high BP triglycerides, arteriosclerosis increased: gout, renal insufficiency, leukemia, hypoparathyroidism, starvation, anemia, myeloma, psoriasis, thiazide diuretics

2.0-5.5 mg/dl

white blood cells normal range: ? decreased: chemotherapy increased: leukemia, acute inflammation/infection, fever, anemia

4.5-10.5 thousand/mm3

zinc normal range: ? decreased: hyperguesia, malnutrition increased: none

101-130 ug/dl