Lab Med 16-30

Question 1

How is chronic alcoholism treated?

Answer 1

Give disulfiram –> inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 2

How is congenital adrenal hyperplasia treated?

Answer 2

Steroid replacement ==> suppress overproduction of 12-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and ACTH

Question 3

How is Conn’s syndrome treated?

Answer 3

Hypotensive drugs and diuretics

Obtain baseline K+ before treatment

Question 4

How is cortisol measured?

Answer 4

By immunoassay

Question 5

How is digoxin toxicity treated?

Answer 5

Decrease dose/discontinue

Give digabind

Question 6

How is ethylene glycol toxicity treated?

Answer 6

Ethanol 
Bicarb 
Ca2+ replacement 
4-methylpyrazole 
Hemodialysis

Question 7

How is Grave’s disease treated?

Answer 7

Antithyroid drugs = methimazole, PTU
Radioiodine
Subtotal thyroidectomy

Question 8

How is iron poisoning treated?

Answer 8

Deferoxamine at high doses

Question 9

How is methanol dangerous?

Answer 9

Metabolites lead to blindness

Toxicity causes acidosis, increased osmol and anion gap

Question 10

How is methanol poisoning treated?

Answer 10

Ethanol drip
Dialysis
Administer 4-methylpyrazole

Question 11

How is phenytoin toxicity treated?

Answer 11

Limit drug

Question 12

How is pregnancy diagnosed?

Answer 12

Through an immunoassay for the beta-subunits of hCG

Question 13

How is salicylate overdose treated?

Answer 13

Hydration 
Glucose 
K+ 
Bicarb 
Hemodialysis

Question 14

How is sickle cell disease diagnosed?

Answer 14

A sickle test and HPLC

Question 15

How is sickle cell disease treated?

Answer 15

Treat with hydroxyurea to increase Hgb F

Question 16

How is tremor in Graves dz tx?

Answer 16

Propranolol