LAB FINAL EXAM Flashcards
T or F
Chaga’s disease is transmitted by the Black fly.
False- kissing beetle
T or F
The definitive host for anisakis is a snail.
False- marine mammals
T or F
Amoebic dysentery is caused by cryptosporidium parvum.
False
T or F
Giardiardiasis can be transmitted by the TseTse Fly.
False- contaminated water
T or F
Humans are the definitive host for Toxoplasma gondii.
False- accidental host
T of F
A vector is an Arthropod that transmits a parasite to a host.
True
T or F
Humans get malaria by drinking water contaminated with Naegleria.
False
T or F
On MacConkey Agar, lactose fermenters form dark blue colonies.
False- pink
Coliform:
Gram (-) Rods Non-spore forming Facultative anaerobe Ferment lactose
MPN:
Most probable number
Selective media:
Allows the growth of some organisms while inhibiting the growth of other
Differential media:
Differentiates closely related organisms based on the organism’s biochemical characteristics
Conjugation:
DNA from one cell is transferred to another cell to produce a new recombinant cell
Transformation:
Insertion of a gene into an organism in order to change the organism’s trait
Plasmid: (4)
- Double stranded circular DNA that carry specialized genes
- Can move from one bacterial cell to another
- Can be exchanged between cells of different species
- Can replicate independently of bacterial chromosome
Staphylococci:
Gram (+)
Spherical
Non-spore forming
S. aureus:
Causes nosocomial infections
3 tests done to determine the coliform count in water:
- Presumptive
- Confirmed
- Completed
MacConkey agar contains:
Bile salts and crystal violet which inhibit gram (+) bacteria
Prevalence:
Total number people infected at any one time
-no cure (i.e. HIV)
Epidemic:
Sudden increase of a disease in population
Pandemic:
Worldwide outbreak
Endemic:
Always present in the population of a certain geographic area
Incidence:
Number of new cases of a disease in a population
Sporadic disease:
An occurrence of random, isolated cases
Etiology:
Cause or origin of disease
Mortality rate:
Number of deaths per 100,000 people per year
Epidemiology:
Study of the factors and mechanisms involved in the frequency and spread of disease
How is MacConkey agar selective?
Selective for gram (-) bacteria because bile salts and crystal violet inhibit the growth of gram (+)
How is MacConkey agar differential?
Differential based on ability to ferment lactose (bacteria that can ferment lactose cause a drop in pH which turns indicator pink)
Common source outbreak:
Contact with contaminated substances (food poisoning)
Propagated epidemic:
Person to person contact (horizontal transmission, common cold)
Intermediate host:
Host that harbors the larval or asexual stage
Definitive host:
Harbors the adult or sexual stage of the parasite-adulthood and mating of helminths
Reservoir host:
Nonliving reservoirs of infectious disease found in soil and water
Accidental host:
Can serve as a host, but is not the usual host in the parasites life cycle
Endoparasites:
Parasites that live inside the host’s body
Ectoparasites:
Parasites that live outside the host’s body
