Extras for lec exam #1

Question 1

How does yeast make ethanol?

Answer 1

Through fermentation and without the presence of O2

Question 2

How does yeast make CO2?

Answer 2

Through krebs cycle and with the presence of O2

Question 3

Protists characteristics:

Answer 3

• Have diatoms (glass-like structures)

- Cell wall made of cellulose

Question 4

Protozoa characteristics:

Answer 4

• Have cilia or flagella

- Can have pseudopods

Question 5

Fungi characteristics:

Answer 5

• Non-photosynthetic

- Cell wall made of chitin

Question 6

What are viruses made of?

Answer 6

Proteins + genetic material

Question 7

How do prokaryotic cells make energy?

Answer 7

Through mutation

Question 8

In prokaryotic cells, where is DNA stored?

Answer 8

In nucleoid

Question 9

Crosslinks in gram negative cell wall has:

Answer 9

Pentapeptide

Question 10

Crosslinks in gram positive cell wall has:

Answer 10

No pentapeptide-> direct link from tetra to tetra

Question 11

Where is acid fast strain found?

Answer 11

On surface of cell wall in GRAM POSITIVE

Question 12

Inclusions:

Answer 12

Reduces OP by enclosing volutin granules, phosphates, and starches-> hides it from water-> no dilution

Question 13

Bristle like fibers that stick to each other and are important in colonization:

Answer 13

Fimbria

Question 14

More common in gram negative cells and are used for colonization + attachment:

Answer 14

Pilus

Question 15

Cholesterol is found in?

Answer 15

Plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells only

Question 16

Which flagella makes you go forwards and which makes you turn in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 16

Prokaryotic: run and tumble (turning)
Eukaryotic: whipping (forwards)

Question 17

Prokaryotic used to be called:

Answer 17

Monera

Question 18

Phylogenies tree concept:

Answer 18

The closer on the tree, the more shared characteristics and the closer in evolution