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Biology 1407 > LAB: Animal Diversity 1 > Flashcards

LAB: Animal Diversity 1 Flashcards

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1
Q
  • This phyla contains 9000 species of sponges
  • all are aquatic and most are marine
  • multicellular
  • reproduction sexual (hermaphrodite), asexual (budding/fragmentation)
  • sac body plan
  • asymmetrical or radial symmetrical
A

Phylum porifera

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2
Q

Adult forms are sessile (stationary)***, but the larva do not resemble the adults as they are motile

A

Phylum porifera

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3
Q

What is the structure of simple sponges (porifera)?

A

Spongocoel- large central cavity
Osculum-Single large opening
Pores-many small openings in chamber walls

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4
Q

Porifera are classified according to type of ___________

What are the types?

A

Spicule (little spike)

No spicule (bath sponges)-fibers of tough protein called spongin

sharp spicules-calcium carbonate, or silica (glass sponges)

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5
Q

Sponges are _____________ feeders, capturing food particles suspended in the water that passes through.

A

Suspension

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6
Q

How is suspension feeding done in porifera?

Water is drawn through pores into a cavity called the ___________, and out through an opening called the___________.

A

Spongoceal

Osculum

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7
Q

Flagellated color cells in porifera are called? What is their function?

A

Choanocytes…

  • generate a water current through the sponge and move water through the pores
  • food particles in water are trapped by collar
  • food is incorporated into a food vacuole and passed to amoeboid cells
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8
Q

Type of cells in porifera where digestion of food occurs and produces spicules

A

Amoeboid cells

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9
Q

Granita?

A

-

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10
Q

-10,000 species and all are aquatic(most marine)
-Radially symmetrical
-diploblastic (tissue)
-sac body plan
Includes hydra, jellyfish, sea anemones, corals

A

Phylum Cnidaria

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11
Q

What are the two distinct body forms of Cnidaria?

A

Polyp (Sea anemone)

And free-floating medusa (jellyfish)

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12
Q

Cnidocytes?

A

(Stinging cells) tentacles with nematocysts

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13
Q

Cnidarians are carnivores that use tentacles to capture prey

The tentacles are armed with ____________, unique cells that function in defense and capture of prey.

A

Cnidocytes

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14
Q

Capsules within cnidocytes

  • long, spirally quail hollow thread to trap prey
  • spines to penetrate and inject venom into prey

Released when trigger of cnidocyte is touched

A

Nematocysts

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15
Q

Stationery, asexual reproduction

Ex: hydra, sea anemones

A

Polyp

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16
Q

Motile, sexual reproduction

Ex: free-swimming jellies

A

Medusa

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17
Q 
Freshwater Cnidaria 
Polyp 
* extracellular digestion
Reproduces sexually and asexually
 Tissue level organization
Outer- epidermis (ectoderm)
Inner- gastrodermis (endoderm)
Middle- nonliving gelatinous mesoglea
A

Hydra

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18
Q

Floating colony of polymorphic polyps

A

Physalia (Portuguese man-of-war)

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19
Q
  • medusa stage dominates

- polyp reduced to small larval stage

A

Aurelia and Cassiopeia (sea jellies)

20
Q

What are the two largest classes of cnidarians?

A
  1. See anemone (Metridium)
    - sessile
    - fragmentation
  2. Corals (colonial polyps)
    - calcium carbonate skeleton
21
Q

-Flat body
-bilateral symmetry
-sac body plan (no anus)
-aceolomate
-triploblastic
-no circulatory system
-hermaphroditic (male and female reproductive structures)
-respire by diffusion
Ex:planarians, flukes, tapeworms

A

Platyhelminthes (Flatworm)

22
Q
  • free living flatworms
  • more complex with different systems
  • ladder like nervous system
  • eyespots that senses, not sight
  • hermaphrodites
  • regeneration
  • flame cells
A

Planarians

Phylum platyhelminthes

23
Q
  • intestinal parasite, very thin, essentially no digestive track
  • “scolex” equipped it with hooks and suckers
  • individual body segments are “proglottids”
  • hermaphroditeic
A

Tape worm

Phylum platyhelminthes

24
Q

Parasitic flatworms
cause schistosomiasis and swimmers Itch
-parasite attaches using sucker to a blood vessel
- snails or an intermediate host

A

Flukes

25
Q
  • Nonsegmented round worms
    *tube in a tube with complete digestive tract includes mouth and anus
  • Pseudocoelomates
    -bilateral symmetry
    Fluid in cavity serves as circulatory system in hydrostatic skeleton
A

Roundworms

Phylum nematoda

26
Q

What phyla do vinegar eels and trichinella belong to?

A

Phylum Nematoda

27
Q

Accumulation of fluid is called…

What type of worms causes this?

A

Elephantiasis

Filarial worms

28
Q

This worm is transmitted by mosquitoes

Causes inflammation and blockage in lymph vessels

A

Filarial works

29
Q
  • tube-in-a-tube, complete digestive track
  • Pseudocoelomates
  • corona “wheel-bearer”
  • alimentary canal
  • reproduces by parthenogenesis(female produces offspring from unfertilized eggs) species lacks males
A

Phylum rotifera

30
Q

Reproduction in which females produce offspring from unfertilized eggs…

Which animals reproduces this way?

A

Parthenogenesis

Rotifera

31
Q

150,000 species (predators, suspension feeders, herbivores, parasites)
-includes clams, oysters, scallops, squid, snails, mussels and freshwater snails and slugs

A

Phylum Mollusca

32
Q

Body parts of Mollusca…

A
  • muscular foot
  • Visceral mass: digestive, circulatory, respiratory, and reproductive organs are located
  • mantle: to fold of skin that so much the visceral mass
  • shell
  • gills
33
Q
  • “Belly foot”
  • most abundant and diverse
  • Single shell or Absent shel
  • many are herbivores and have a radula, rasping teeth in the form of a tongue like organ. Some can use the radula to drill through shells
A

Gastropods

34
Q
  • “head foot”
  • squids, octopus, and nautiluses
  • well developed head and advanced eyes. What is modified into tentacles
  • all are carnivores
A

Cephlapods

35
Q
  • “Hatchet-foot” used for burrowing
  • two shells
  • clams, scallops, oysters
A

Bivalves

36
Q

Marine and have fleshy appendages on each body segment

A

Ploychaetes

Ex: clam worm

37
Q

What phylum does clam worm belong to?

A

Phylum Annelida-segmented worms

  • hydrostatic skeleton
38
Q

Two animals that belong to the phylum Annelida

A

-Leach and earthworm

Digestive track divided into several different organs

39
Q
  • have joined appendages that can be used for locomotion, food handling, defense, taste, touch and reproduction
  • bilaterally symmetrical and body is made up of segments
  • chitinous exoskeleton that is shed throughout molting
A

Phylum Anthropoda

40
Q

Three types of Arthropoda…

A

Crustaceans: lobster, crayfish, shrimp, crabs
Arachnids: spiders, scorpions, mites and ticks. Carnivores and have claws, things, poison glands, or stingers inject prey with digestive juices.
Insects: most diverse. Herbivores, some are parasitic, some are carnivores, some feed on decaying matter

41
Q
  • marine and radially symmetrical as adults
  • see stars, brittle stars, sea dollars, see urchins, sea cucumbers, sea apples
  • locomotion: water vascular system. Causes tube feet to extend
A

Phylum Echinodermata

42
Q

All Mollusca have…

A

Visceral mass, mantle (thin covering that envelops the visceral mass), foot

Radial (a rasping tongue) is not present in all

43
Q

coelomates, bilateral, three germ layers, organ level organization,tube within a tube body plan

A

Mollusca

44
Q

Bivalves have an __________ circulatory system whereas cephalopods have a _____________ system.

A

Open, closed

45
Q
  • feeds on various invertebrates (clams and oysters)
  • wraps arms around the shell and pulls constantly with the suckers. Once open, it can insert its stomach into the shower and digest material
A

Phylum Echinodermata

Ex: starfish?

46
Q
  • Tunicates: invertebrates that are marine animals
  • Fish
  • amphibians
  • reptiles
  • birds
  • mammals
A

Phylum Chordata

Biology 1407 (22 decks)

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