Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 1407 > Chapter 30: Plant Diversity 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 30: Plant Diversity 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

This consists of an embryo in nutrients surrounded by a protective coat

A

Seed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are common characteristics of all seed plants?

A
  • reduce gametophytes
  • heterospony
  • ovules
  • pollen
  • seeds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the advantage of reduced gametophytes?

A

The gametophytes of seed plants develop within the walls of spores that are retained within tissues of the parents sporophyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Produce megaspores that give rise to female gametophytes

A

Megasporangia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Produce microspores that give rise to male gametophytes

A

Microsporangia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The ancestors of seed plants were likely homosporous, while seed plants were _______________

A

Heterosporous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The _______ is composed of the megasporangium and integuments.

A

Ovule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • gymnosperm megasporangia have one of these protective _____________
  • angiosperm megasporangia usually have two ___________

It protects the megasporangium

A

Integuments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Microspores develop ___________, which contain the male gametophytes

A

Pollen grains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

______________ Is the transfer of pollen to the part of a seed plant containing the ovules

A

Pollination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If a pollen grain germinates, it gives rise to a _____________ that discharges sperm into the female gametophyte within the ovule

A

Pollen tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

________ cells will make a pollen tube

________ cells make sperm

A

Tube

Generative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A ________ is a sporophyte embryo, along with its food supply, packaged in a protective coat

It develops from the whole ovule

A

Seed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some evolutionary advantages seeds have over spores?

A
  • they may remain dormant for days to years until conditions are favorable for germination
  • seeds have a supply of storage food
  • they may be transported Long distances by wind or animals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Are gymnosperms or nonvascular plants better suited to drier conditions?

A

Gymnosperms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Angiosperms began to replace gymnosperms near the end of the Mesozoic

____________ now dominate more terrestrial ecosystems
Today, cone-bearing gymnosperms called _________ dominate in the northern latitudes

A

Angiosperms

Conifers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Gymnosperms mean “__________”
The seeds are exposed on sporophylls that form cones

Angiosperm seeds are found in fruits, which are _________

A

Naked seeds

Mature ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Gymnosperms consist of what four phyla?

A
  • cycadophyta
  • ginkgophyta
  • gnetophyt
  • coniferophyta
19
Q

Individuals have large cones and palm like leaves

They are the exception to the rule, seeds are flagellated

A

Phyla cycadophyta

20
Q
  • this phylum consists of a single living species

- it has a high tolerance to air pollution and is a popular ornamental tree

A

Phylum ginkgophyta

21
Q
  • this phylum comprises three genera

- species vary in appearance, and some are tropical whereas others live in deserts

A

Phylum gnetophyta

22
Q
  • this phylum is by far the largest of the gymnosperm phyla

- most conifers are evergreens in carry out photosynthesis year round

A

Phylum coniferophyta

23
Q

Three key features of the gymnosperm life cycle are

Dominance of the _____________ generation
Development of __________ from fertilized ovules
The transfer of sperm to ovules by ________

The lifecycle of a pine is an example

A

Sporophyte
Seeds
Pollen

24
Q

The Pinetree is the ___________ and produces ____________ in male and female cones

A

Sporophyte

Sporangia

25
Q

In pine trees small cones produce microspores called ____________, which of which contains a male _______________.

A

Pollen grains, gametophyte

26
Q

In Pinetrees, the familiar larger cones contain __________, which produce megaspores that develop into female _____________

It takes nearly 3 years from cone production to mature seed

A

Ovules, gametophytes

27
Q
  • The most widespread and diverse of all plants
  • all are classified in a single phylum, Anthophyta
  • two key adaptations (flowers,fruit)
A

Angiosperms

28
Q

What are the four types of modified leaves and flowers?

A

Sepals-encloses the flower
Petals-brightly colored and attract pollinators
Stamens-produce pollen
Carpels-produce ovules

29
Q

what does the stamen consist of?

A
  • Filament

- anther (pollen is produced)

30
Q

What does the carpel consist of?

A
  • ovary at the base
  • style (middle)
  • stigma (pollen is received)
31
Q
  • consists of a mature ovary but can also include other flower parts
  • protect seeds and aid in their dispersal
  • can be fleshy or dry
A

Fruits

32
Q

Male ____________ are contained within pollen grains produced by the _____________ of anthers

A

Gametophytes, microsporangia

33
Q

The female gametophyte, or ______________, develops within an ovule contained within an ovary at the base of a stigma

A

Embryo sac

34
Q

The ovule is entered by a pore called the _____________.

A

Micropyle

35
Q

The pollen grain that has landed on a stigma germinates and the _____________ of the male gametophyte grows down to the ovary.

A

Pollen tube

36
Q

Generative cell…..

Tube cell…..

A
  • gives rise to two sperm

- produces pollen tube

37
Q

Within a seed, the embryo consists of a root and two seed leaves called…..

A

Cotyledons

38
Q

In double fertilization the pollen two discharges two sperm into the female gametophyte within an ovule. One sperm fertilizes the egg and the other sperm….

A

Combines with two nuclei in the central cell of the female gametophyte and initiates development of food storing endosperm

-The triploid endosperm nourishes the developing embryo

39
Q

Food storing

The triploid ___________ nourishes the developing embryo

A

Endosperm

40
Q

Angiosperms are divided into what main groups?

A
  • monocots (one cotyledon)
  • eudicots (two cotyledons)
  • basal angiosperms
  • magnoliids
41
Q

This group of angiosperms include magnolias, laurels, and balck pepper plants

Woody and nonwoody types

A

Magnoliids

42
Q

This group is more than 1/4 of the angiosperm species

Includes grass, wheat

A

Monocots

43
Q

This group is more than 2/3 of angiosperm species

-largest group

A

Eudicots

44
Q

Why does human welfare depends greatly on seed plants?

A

Seed plants are key sources of food, fuel, wood products, and medicine

Preservation of plant diversity in seed plants is critical

Biology 1407 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions