Lab 7- Salmonella

Question 1

Species ?

Answer 1

S. Enterica

S. Bongori

Question 2

Subspecies within the s. Enterica?

Answer 2

S. Enterica subspecies enterica (most important)

S. Enterica subspecies arizonae (rodents, birds, amphibians, reptiles)

Question 3

Classified according to?

Answer 3

Serotypes/serovars

Serovar=old name

Ex. S. Enterica subspecies enterica = enterica serovar typhimurium

Question 4

Habitat ?

Answer 4

Gut, sewage, water, food

Also shedded in faeces

Question 5

Morphology

Answer 5

1-5 um rods, flagella

No flagella = s. Gallinarium/ s. Pullorum

Question 6

Staining

Answer 6

Gram negative

Question 7

Culture

Answer 7

Not fastidious

Use selective or differential media

Low selectivity; macconkey, drigalski

Medium selectivity ; brilliant green-lactose phenol red, rambach, XLD

High selectivity; salmonella isolation only

Selective enrichment;
Na-selenite+cysteine
Na-tetrathionate+bile salts
Rappaport-vassiliadis (ph 5.2)

Question 8

Hemolysing ?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

Biochem

Answer 9

Lactose -
H2S +

Differentiate between what kind of sugars they can ferment

Question 10

Indole

Answer 10

-

Question 11

Urease

Answer 11

-

Question 12

Lactose

Answer 12

-

Question 13

Mannitol

Answer 13

+

Question 14

Methyl red

Answer 14

+

Question 15

Voges-proskauer

Answer 15

-

Question 16

H2S

Answer 16

+

Question 17

Phenylalanine deaminase

Answer 17

-

Question 18

Antigens

Answer 18

O antigens : 51 o antigens, composite antigens
K (Vi): s. Typhi, s. Dublin etc. (mainly human)

H antigens: specific (phase 1)
Non specific (phase 2)
Monophasic types : only specific h antigens 
Diphasic types: not only specific h antigens

Question 19

Resistance

Answer 19

Medium
Heat treatment, disinfection will kill it

Environment = a few months

Question 20

Spore formation?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

Pathogenicity

Answer 21

Facultative pathogenic

Question 22

Only infecting humans

Answer 22

S. Typhi, s. Paratyphi, A,B,C., s. Sendai

Question 23

Only infecting animals

Answer 23

S. Typhisuis (swine thypoid)

s. Gallinarium (foal thypoid)

Question 24

Infecting humans and animals

Answer 24

S. Enteritidis
S. Typhimurium
S. Thompson
S. Choleraesuis

Causing paratypoid in eq, su, ru, poultry
Human: septicaemia and gastroenteritis

Question 25

Species causing abortion?

Answer 25

S. Abortusequi
S. Abortusovis
S. Abortusbovis

Question 26

Pigeons affected, infection is called ?

Answer 26

Pigeon salmonellosis