Lab 12 - Fungi Flashcards
No of species ?
1,5 million
Vet. Importance 400
Characteristics
Eukaryotes Non photosynthetic Prod exoenzymes Nutrients by absorption Deg. Og organic materials, recycling
Habitat
Environment, soil, h2o, air, decaying material
Skin, mucous membranes, gut
Classification
Phenotype
Anamorph name: morphology and asexual mating
Teleomorph name: sexual form
Mitosporic fungi: no known sexual form
Dual naming system !
Genotypic classification (phylogenetic): 5 phyla
Phylogenetic classification
18s and 26s ribosomal RNA gene
5 phyla:
Microspora Ascomycota Basidiomycota Blastocladiomycota Glomeromycota
Reproduction
Sexual and asexual spores
Sexual spores
Zygospora (two hypha cells)
Ascospora (ascus)
Basidiospora (basidium)
Asexual spore formation
Conidia (firmed on conidiophores) sporangiospores (formed within sporangium)
Morphology
Uni or multicellular
3-100 um branching
Cell wall, septa, cytoplasm mem., nuclear mem., nucleus, nucleous, ribosomes, ER, mitochondria, iomasoma
Morphology moulds, yeasts, dimorphic
Moulds= grow as branching filaments called hyphae, 2-10 um
Yeasts= oval cells p, 3-5 um
Dimorphic = both forms, temp.!
Staining
Unstained Methylene blue Gram staining PAS Shiff
Hair, skin samples = clean with 10% KOH
Culture
Sabouraud agar
Dimorphic fungi, yeast phase: blood agar
Ph 5-7
Obligate aerobic
Selective: penicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, cycloheximide
C: organic, N: organic/ inorganic
Biochem
No photosynthesis Active met. Extra cellular enzymes Mycotoxin prod Prod of antibiotics
Antigens
Complex
Resistance
Good
Tolerate dehydration, high osmotic pr., low ph
