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Bacteriology > Lab 5- Mycobacterium > Flashcards

Lab 5- Mycobacterium Flashcards

1
Q

Habitat?

A

Infected host: obligate pathogens
Environment: facultative pathogens, saprophytes
(Soil, water, plants)

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2
Q

Morphology?

A

Rods, coccoid

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3
Q

Cell structure ?

A

Mycolic acids, lipids, waxes

Cell wall is compact, high lipid content !
Makes cells attach to each other

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4
Q

Staining?

A

Resemble gram +, but we do not use the gram stating = stains poorly

Use Ziehl-Neelsen staining: positive

Fuschin color the lipids in cell wall red
5% sulfuric acid + 95% ethanol for extraction. Bacteria reminds staying because they are Acid and alcohol fast.

(if the bacteria was Ziehl-Neelsen neg. the alcohol would remove the red stain and after adding methylene blue the bacteria would be stained blue. )

It can also be stained with floresence dye

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5
Q

Culture?

A

Obligate aerobic

Broth: Henley,Sauton (cord formation)

Solid:
Egg (kertai, dorset, petragnani)
Serum agar
Glycerine potato

Selective:
Petragnani (malachite green) - inoculation after acid or alkaline treatment

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6
Q

Incubation time ?

A

Long, division time 20-24 h

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7
Q

Characteristics of the lipid containing cell wall?

A

Bacteria can go inside cells, through the cell membranes bc they are lipid soluble.
Phagocytes cannot destroy them bc of the wax.
INTRACELLULAR bacteria !

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8
Q

Specific incubation time for different subspecies?

A

M. Tuberculosis = 3-6 w
M. Bovis = 4-8 w
M. Avium subspecies avium=2-3 w
M. Avium subspecies paratuberculosis= 6-12 w

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9
Q

Shape of the subspecies?

A

M. Tuberculosis = slender rods
M. Bovis= short rods
:. Avium subspecies avium = polymorph
M. Avium subspecies paratuberculosis = short rods

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10
Q

Colony formation on solid medium for different subspecies?

A

M. Tuberculosis = dry colonies
M. Bovis = wet colonies
M. Avium subspecies avium = cream-like colonies
M. Avium subspecies paratuberculosis = wet colonies

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11
Q

Behavior in broth media different subspecies?

A

M. Tuberculosis = thin film
M. Bovis = islands
M. Avium subspecies avium = thick film, sediment
M. Avium subspecies paratuberculosis = thin film

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12
Q

What does chromogenic mean ?

A

Pigment production

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13
Q

Biochem

A

Catalase-

Antigens: 
Glycolipids, lipoproteins
Close relationship antigens 
Cross reactions 
Can be separated by the use of immuno-electrophoresis

Tuberculin= sterile protein extract
From broth culture = boiled, filtered, concentrated

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14
Q

Resistance?

A

Excellent

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15
Q

Pathogenicity?

A

Obligate pathogens

Facultative pathogens, saprophytes (atypical)

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16
Q

Pathogenic mycobacteria species ?

A 
M. Tuberculosis 
M. Africanum
M. Bovis 
M. Caprae 
M. Microti 
M. Avium subspecies avium 
M. Avium subspecies paratuberculosis 
M. Avium subspecies silvaticum 
M. Leprae 
M. Lepraemurium
17
Q

M. Tuberculosis target species?

A

Hu, pig, dog, cat, parrot, cattle

18
Q

M. Africanum target species?

A

Human

19
Q

M. Bovis target species?

A

Cattle, ru, swine, dog, cat, human

BCG (vaccine)

20
Q

M. Caprae target species?

A

Cattle, ru, swine, human

21
Q

M. Microti target species?

A

Rodents

22
Q

M. Avium subspecies avium target species?

A

Bird

23
Q

M. Avium subspecies paratuberculosis target species?

A

Cattle, ru

Cause paratuberculosis

24
Q

M. Avium subspecies silvaticum target species?

A

Birds (tuberculosis), ru (paratuberculosis)

25
Q

M. Leprae target species?

A

Human (leprosy)

26
Q

M. Lepraemurium target species?

A

Mouse, cat (leprosy)

27
Q

Faculative pathogens, saprophytes cause ?

A

Swine, cattle: local lesions

Fish, reptiles: m. Fortuitum and m. Marinum

28
Q

Grouped according to?

A

Pigment production

Photochromogens : m. Kansasii, m. Marinum
Scotochromogens: m. Scrofulaceum, m. Gordonae
Non-chromogens: m. Intracellulare, m. Terrae
Rapid growers: m. Phlei, m. Fortuitum

29
Q

What is special with avium subspecies paratuberculosis?

A

Needs myobactin added to culture

Cause pseudotubercolosis = chronic enteretitis

Bacteriology (81 decks)

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