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Bio 223 > Lab 2 > Flashcards

Lab 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Extra cellular matrix

A

The non-cellular component present within all tissues and organs

Could be fluid, gelatinous, semi-solid or solid

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2
Q

Collagen fibers

A

is the fiber in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues

characterized by being elongated and made up of collagen glycoproteins.

It is typically arranged in branching bundles of indefinite length. It is a strong insoluble fiber.

It occurs in the skin, tendon, ligaments, bone, and cartilage

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3
Q

What are the 3 types of fibers in connective tissue?

A

Collagen, reticular, elastic

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4
Q

Elastic fibers

A

an essential component of the extracellular matrix

composed of bundles of proteins (elastin)

able to stretch many times their length, and snap back to their original length when relaxed without loss of energy.

Found in the skin, lungs, arteries, veins, connective tissue proper, elastic cartilage,

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5
Q

Reticular fibers

A

A type of connective tissue fiber that is made up of type III collagen secreted by reticular cells

looks like a net mesh network with other similar fibers to serve as a supporting mesh in soft tissues such as liver and bone marrow

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6
Q

What are some common cells found in connective tissue?

A

Mesenchymal cells - self-renew by dividing and can differentiate into multiple tissues

Fibroblasts - secrete collagen proteins that are used to maintain a structural framework

Mast cells - white blood cell that is found in connective tissues & contributes to homeostasis in the immune system

Macrophages - type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells.

White blood cells - are part of the body’s immune system.

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7
Q

Fibroblasts

A

A cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen,produces the structural framework (stroma) for animal tissues,

Plays a critical role in wound healing.

Fibroblasts are the most common cells of connective tissue in animals.

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8
Q

Areolar connective tissue

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Loose connective tissue

Direction: Running in all directions

Cells: Fibroblast, mast, macrophages, white blood cells

Fibers: Reticular, elastic, collagen

Function: Provides cushioning to many organs and tissues of the body.

Found: It can be found in the skin as well as in places that connect epithelium to other tissues

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9
Q

Stroma

A

The supportive framework of an organ, gland or other structure, usually composed of connective tissue

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10
Q

Chondrocytes

A

Cartilage cells

The only cells found in healthy cartilage. They produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of collagen and proteoglycans.

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11
Q

Lacunae

A

Isolated spaces that hold cells.

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12
Q

Osteons

A

is the fundamental functional unit of much compact bone. Have

roughly cylindrical structures

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13
Q

Central canal aka Haversian canal

A

through which blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves can travel to service and signal the cells throughout the compact bone. .

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14
Q

Osteocytes

A

Osteocytes are the longest living bone cell and Reside within the lacuna

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15
Q

What are the formed elements in blood?

A

Erythrocytes- red blood cells
Leukocytes- white blood cells
Platelets

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16
Q

What are the 3 basic parts of a neuron?

A

Cell body aka perikaryon
Axons
Dendrites

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17
Q

Cell body or perikaryon

A

the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus.

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18
Q

Epidermis

A

Outer thinner layer comprised of stratified squamous epithelium

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19
Q

Dermis

A

The inner thicker connective tissue layer

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20
Q

Subcutaneous aka hypodermis

A

Deep into the dermis

Consists of adipose and areolar connective tissues

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21
Q

Adipose connective tissue

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Loose connective tissue

Direction:

Cells: composed of fat cells known as adipocytes.

Fibers: Thin extracellular matrix consisting of reticular fibers

Function: Energy storing, hormone production, thermal isolation

Found: Hypodermis, surrounding the kidneys, eyeballs and yellow bone marrow

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22
Q
A
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23
Q

Reticular connective tissue

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Loose connective tissue

Direction: branched and mesh-like pattern

Cells: Fibroblasts called reticular cells

Fibers: Reticular fibers

Function: to form a stroma and provide structural support

Found: found in the Liver, kidney, the spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow.

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24
Q

Dense regular connective tissue

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Dense connective tissue

Direction: the collagen fibres are densely packed, and arranged in parallel

Cells: Fibroblasts

Fibers: Collagen fibers

Function: to transmit forces over a distance and to connect different organs/muscles

Found: Tendons and aponeuroses, most ligaments

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25
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Dense connective tissue

Direction: fibers that are not arranged in parallel bundles

Cells: Fibroblast

Fibers: Collagen

Function: provides strength, making the skin resistant to tearing by stretching forces from different directions

Found: Organ capsules, dermis, perichondrium

26
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Cartilage

Direction: Eyeballs in Jello - clear

Cells: chondroblasts in Lacunae

Fibers: collagen fibers

Function: assists the motion of joints

Found: At the ends of bones, larynx, trachea and fetal skeleton

27
Q

Fibrocartilage

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Cartilage

Direction: Crowded lazy river, alot going on

Cells: Chondrocytes in lacunae

Fibers: Collagen

Function: provides the tough material of the intervertebral discs

Found: Cartilage pads in knee, intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis

28
Q

Dense bone

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Bone / connective tissue

Direction: Osteons that look like circles

Cells: Osteocytes in lacunae - Center is central canal

Fibers: Collagen

Function: the main structure in the body for support, protection, and movement

Found: Comprises the bones in skeleton

29
Q

Blood

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Blood

Direction: Fluid matrix

Cells: Erythrocytes (red blood cells, Leukocytes (white blood cells) platelets

Fibers: no fibers / fluid plasma matrix

Function: bringing the needed oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other signaling molecules, and removing the wastes

Found: Within blood vessels, within chambers of heart

30
Q

Nervous tissue

What tissue group?

What directions do the fibers run?

Cells/Fibers?

Function?

Found?

A

Tissue: Nervous tissue

Direction:

Cells: neurons and glial cells

Fibers: Axon & Dendrites

Function: responsible for the sensory, integrative, and motor functions of the nervous system

Found: Nervous system

31
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells

carry oxygen from our lungs to the rest of our bodies. Then they make the return trip, taking carbon dioxide back to our lungs to be exhaled.

32
Q

Leukocytes

A

White blood cells

part of the body’s immune system

33
Q

Platelets

A

small, colorless cell fragments in our blood that form clots and stop or prevent bleeding

34
Q

Axon

A

that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.

35
Q

Dendrite

A

where a neuron receives input from other cells

36
Q

Name the Tissue

A

Areolar Connective Tissue

37
Q

Name the tissue

A

Adipose connective tissue

38
Q

Name the tissue

A

Reticular connective Tissue

39
Q

Name the tissue

A

Dense irregular connective tissue

40
Q

Name the tissue

A

Dense regular connective tissue

41
Q

Name the fiber

A

Collagen fiber

42
Q

Name the fiber

A

Elastic fibers

43
Q

Name the fiber

A

Reticular fibers

44
Q

Name the cell

A

Fibroblasts

45
Q

Name the tissue

A

Hyaline cartilage

46
Q

Name the cell

A

Chondrocytes

47
Q

Name the structure

A

Lacunae

48
Q

Name the tissue

A

Fibrocartilage

49
Q

Name the cell

A

Chondrocytes

50
Q

Name the structure

A

Lacunae

51
Q

Name the tissue

A

Dense bone

52
Q

Name the structure

A

Central canal aka Haversian canal

53
Q

Name the cell

A

Osteocytes

54
Q

Name the structure

A

Osteons

55
Q

Name the tissue

A

Blood

56
Q

Name the cell

A

Erythrocytes

Red blood cell

57
Q

Name the cell

A

Leukocytes

White blood cell

58
Q

Name the cell

A

Platelets

59
Q

Name the tissue

A

Nervous tissue

60
Q

Name the structure

A

Cell body

Perikaryon

61
Q

Name the structure

A

Dendrites

62
Q

Name the structure

A

Axon

Bio 223 (37 decks)

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