Ch 4 Connective Tissue Flashcards
Connective Tissue
7 - Functions
- Enclosing and seperating other tissues
- Connecting tissues to one another
- Supporting and moving parts of the body
- Storing compounds
- Cushioning and insulating
- Transporting
- Protecting
What are the 3 cell types that make up connective Tissue?
Blasts - create the matrix
Cytes - maintain it
Clasts - break it down for remodeling
What are the connective tissue cells that form the framework of the body?
Bone cells
Cartilage cells
Fibrous tissue cells
What are the bone cells called?
Osteoblasts - form the bone
Osteocytes - maintain it
Osteoclasts - break it down
What are the cartilage cells called?
Chondroblasts - form cartilage
Chondrocytes - maintain it
What are the fibrous tissue cells called?
Fibroblasts - form fibrous connective tissue
Fibrocytes - maintain it
Adipocytes aka adipose
Loose connective Tissue
contain a large amount of lipid. The lipid pushes the rest of the cell contents to the periphery so that each cell appears to contain a large centrally located lipid droplet
Mast cells
Play an important role in inflamination. They contain chemicals that are released in response to injury such as trauma and infection
White blood cells
AKA Leukocytes
continuously move from blood vessels to connective tissue (rate increases dramatically in response to injury or infection)
Macrophages
are large, phagocytic cells found in some connective tissues
They are derived from a type of white blood cell. They are either fixed or wandering.
They play a major role in protecting against infections
Eat bacteria and foreign substances and dead cells.
Platelets
fragments of hemopoietic cells containing enzymes and special proteins that function in teh clotting process to reduce bleeding from a wound
Undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells
Type of adult stem cell that persist in connective tissue - have the potential to form multiple cell types
What are the 3 major components of connective tissue ECM?
Protein fibers (Collagen, reticular, elastic fibers)
Ground substance
Fluid
What are the 3 types of protein fibers of the ECM?
Collagen
Reticular
Elastic
Collagen fibers
Consist of the protein collagen.
Most abundant protein in body
Very stong and flexible but not very elastic
Reticular fibers
very short, thin fibers that branch to form a network - MESH
Fill spaces between tissues and organs
*The reticular connective tissues are found in the kidney, the spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. Cradle and suuport organs
Elastic fibers
consist of the protein elastin
has the ability to return to its orignal shape after being stretched or compressed
*Found in SKIN lUNGS and BLOOD VESSEL wall
Ground substance of the matrix & two major components
gel like mixture of nonfibrous molecules
Hyaluronic acid & proteoglucycans
Hyaluronic acid
long unbranched polysaccharide chain composed of repeating disaccharide units
*Good lubricant for joint cavities
Proteoglycan monomer
large molecule that consists of a protein core attached to many long polysaccharides
Adhesive molecules
ground substance that hold the proteoglycan aggresgates together as well as attache them to cells fo the tissue