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Body logistics > L22- Organisation of the CNS, PNS and ANS > Flashcards

L22- Organisation of the CNS, PNS and ANS Flashcards

1
Q

central nervous system made up of

A

brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

peripheral nervous system made up of

A

Somatic and Autonomic nervous system

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3
Q

somatic

A

skeletal movement - voluntary - conscious perception

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4
Q

autonomic

A

autonomous - sympathetic - parasympathetic - enteric

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5
Q

sympathetic NS

A

 Flight or fight response  Either on or off

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6
Q

why called sympathetic

A

All body parts become activated in sympathy with each other - ganglions synapse in sympathetic chain, also called the paravertebral ganglia

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7
Q

parasympathetic NS

A

 Rests and digest

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8
Q

how does parasympathetic work differently to the sympathetic NS

A

 Much more focussed- modulates discrete body systems- very fine tuned - ganglions synapse in specific tissue

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9
Q

enteric NS

A

intrinsic nervous system within the gut - contains a huge number or neurones - most of the serotonin in your body made in the gut

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10
Q

major function of enteric system

A

move food from mouth to anus

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11
Q

spinal cord split into how many segments and how many nerves

A

31 segments 31 nerves

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12
Q

connected to each spinal cord segment

A

• Ventral root- motor (if damaged just motor problems) • Dorsal root- sensory (if damaged just sensory problems) Come together to form a spinal nerve - both sensory and motor

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13
Q

segments of the spinal cord

A

cranial cervical throacic lumbar sacral coccygeal

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14
Q

cervical

A

C1-8

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15
Q

thoracic

A

T1-12

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16
Q

lumbar

A

L1-5

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17
Q

sacral

A

S1-5

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18
Q

coccygeal

A

fused- C1

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19
Q

white and grey matter in the spinal cord

A

grey matter- central part white matter- outside

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20
Q

white and grey matter in the brain

A

grey matter- on outside white matter- on inside

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21
Q

spinal cord cannot

A

regnerate

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22
Q

sensory input —>

A

processing

23
Q

processing –>

A

motor output

24
Q

draw:

sensory input –> processing –> motor output in the spinal cord

A
25
Q

dorsal root contains

A

sensory neurone

  • if damaged just sensory problems
26
Q

ventral root contains

A

motor neurone

if damage jus tmotor problems

27
Q

how is the ANS motor systme different to the somatic nervous system

A

it has a chain of two neurones between the CNS and the target organ

1) preganglionic
2) postganglionic

28
Q

synapse between preganglionic and postganglionic neurone called

A

autonomic ganglion

29
Q

NT of autonomic glanglion

A

ACh

30
Q

preganglionic neurone cells bodies found in the

A

CNS

31
Q

postganglionic neuroen cell body is found in

A

autonomic ganglion

32
Q

sympathetic pre and post ganglionic neurone length

A

short preganglionic

long post ganglionic

33
Q

parasympathetic pre and post ganglionic neurone length

A

long pre

short post

34
Q
A
35
Q

where are the sympathetic preganglionic neurone cell bodie sfound in the CNS

A

lateral horn in T1 -L2 cofrd segments

36
Q

where are the parasympathetic preganglionic neurone cell bodie found in the CNS

A

located in the brainstem and in the sacral (S2-4)

37
Q

myelination always on

A

short preganlionic axon and not post ganglionic

38
Q

sympathetic chain is the same as the

A

paravertebral ganglia

39
Q

paravertebral ganglia/ sympasthetic chain

A

where all symparthetic ganglia are found –> mean that symapthetic innvervation is a much more systemic response than parasympathetic innevration (where ganglions are found in specific tissues)

40
Q
A
41
Q

long parasympatheti preganglionic axon

A

project almost all the way to the target tissue

42
Q

short parasympathetic pstganglionic axon

A

cell body for the post ganglionic axon is in the wall of the organ its targeting e.g. the bladder wall

Makes it much more discrete

43
Q

draw a diagram showing how a motro neurone causes a response in target tissue

A
44
Q

The sympathetic nervous system: Distribution to skin

A

Sympathetic preganglionic arising in the T1- L2 cord segments supply the skin via one of the following 3 routes

45
Q

outline the 3 routes that sympathetic preganglionic neurones arising in the T1-L2 segments supply the skin

A
  1. Synapse at the level of entry
    • To supply dermatomes at the T1-L2 level
    • Postganglionic get to their targets through the T1-L2 spinal nerves
  2. Ascend the chain then synapse
    • Typically supply the head and neck
    • Postganglionic get to their targets along the walls of blood vessels
  3. Descend the chain
    • Typically supply the lower limbs
    • Postganglionic get to their targets through the spinal nerves at levels L3 and below
46
Q

The sympathetic nervous system: Distribution to abdominal viscera

A
  • Sympathetic preganglionic can also traverse the chain then synapse in a pre-aortic ganglion (to supply abdominal viscera)
  • Post ganglionic get to their targets along blood vessels
  • Sensory fibres also travel along sympathetic destined for the abdomen and relay pain back from viscera back to the CNS
47
Q

Parasympathetic preganglionic neurones typically synapse in ganglia that sit

A

close to their target organ

48
Q

major source of parasympathetic preganglionic input to the thoracic and abdominal viscera is

A

the vagus nerve

49
Q

The head of the vagus nerve has 4 spedcilaiased parasymapthetic ganglia

A

Ciliary ganglion

Pterygopalatine ganglion

Submandibular ganglion

Otic ganglion

50
Q

Ciliary ganglion

A

receives parasympathetic preganglionic from the oculomotor nerve and distributes parasympathetic postganglionic to they eyes

51
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion

A

receives parasympathetic preganglionic from the facial nerve and distributes parasympathetic postganglionic to the lacrimal gland

52
Q

Submandibular ganglion:

A

receives parasympathetic preganglionic from the facial nerve and distributes parasympathetic postganglionic to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

53
Q

Otic ganglion:

A

receives parasympathetic preganglionic from the glossopharyngeal nerve and distributes parasympathetic postganglionic to the parotid gland

Body logistics (39 decks)

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